Studied by 92 people
Suffrage 1800- 1830
Most state are transferring from the requirement of property to universal (white male) suffrage
Immigration
More and more people immigrate to America from 1820-1860
The industrial Revolution in America
From 1810 - 1840 the textile and IR brings economic opportunity as more states are created in the east America migrating to the west.
Travel
By 1860 the travel time is 5 times faster than it was in 1800. This creates more economic opportunity and prosperity. People get to get to places faster
Washington Presidency 1789-1797
Creates the Cabinet Helps America be neutral in French Revolution (Proclamation of Neutrality 1793) Steps down after two terms
Alexander Hamilton
Author of Federalist papers Washington Secretary of Treasury (Cabinet) Key Federalist wanted a powerful national government and powerful executive Wanted a National Bank
Who agrees with Hamilton's views?
Industry Banking Business Merchants Aristocracy Wealthy New England Good for the economy and the rich
Thomas Jefferson
Washington's Secretary of State Opposed to Hamilton's ideas Madison founded the Democratic- Republicans to oppose the Federalists
Who agrees with Jefferson's views?
Farmers States' rights advocates The south Back country Recent immigrants Government that supports agriculture
Hamilton vs. Jefferson
Agriculture (Jefferson) vs Industry (Hamilton) State Power vs Federal Power Interpreting the Constitution`
Hamiltonian Vision
Strong federal government A nation of industry and agriculture (focus on industry) Goal: Stable and self- Sufficient nation supported by the economy
Jefferson Vision
Limited federal government power (STATE POWER) Industrial society could not sustain an economy (Agriculture focused) Agrarian economy
Loose interpretation
Supported by Hamilton Focus on what is permitted rather than restricted Elastic clause: States can pass laws necessary and proper
Strict interpretation
Supported by Jefferson Focus on what is restricted rather than permitted
Hamilton's Financial Plan
Create Good National Credit (war debt) Replace old continental bonds with new federal bonds (high interest) Assumption of state debts replace state bonds with federal bonds
Create a national bank A national bank would facilitate bond swaps and provide loans to entrepreneurs (very controversial)
Taxes to fund the interest Tax on whiskey Tariffs (not protective)
Whiskey Rebellion
Whiskey duties lowered demand for whiskey Distillers in Penn. Revolted attacking the tax men Rebellion put down by G man himself
Defense Spending
Hamyton: Strong navy to protect Americans Tommy: No military build up (fear of dictatorship)
Foreign Division
Hami: very pro British Jeff: Pro French US stays neutral, gets rich selling to both sides
Alien and Sedition Acts
Changes citizenship from 5 to 14 years Allows government to detain aliens if reasonable doubt or anything Violates freedom of speech (cant talk shit about the president)
Constitutional Crisis
Jefferson opposes acts claiming they violate 1 & 10 Can not fix constitutional problem First major conflict over state's rights
Jay's Treaty (1795)
British seizing merchant ships bound for France. Turning American sailors into British sailors unwillingly Result: Payment of all prewar debts to Britain British stop meddling in the NW territory No settlement of impressment issue Said America is still neutral
GW Farewell Adress
Do not get involved in European affairs or form permanent alliances Do not form political parties
John Adams (elected 1796)
XYZ affair gives Adams excuse to have more pro British policies Feds in Congress raise navy Quasi War
Doctrine of Nullification
States can nullify laws they deem unconstitutional Supported by Jefferson & Madison
Convention of 1800
Adams ensures peace with France and causes him to lose the election
Inside the mind of G money
Strong federal government & Hamilton financial plan Trade was central to stability Against parties and division Supporter of Neutrality
Marshall Court
Rulings by John Marshall that change three principles about the supreme court
Increase power of the federal government over the states
Increase the power of the judiciary at the expense of other branches
Strengthen business in America by affirming contracts
Embargo Act 1807
Laws passed by congress forbidding all exportation of goods from the United States
Louisiana Territory
Bought Louisiana territory even if it was unconstitutional Granted the United States control of MS river/ New Orleans
War of 1812
James Madison is a Democratic-Republican leader Enters the presidency in 1809 with a significant foreign conflict (Napoleon) Causes: Impressment, British riling Natives in NW territory, Desire for Canada Events: US not prepared, British occupied with Napoleon, US victory in New Orleans Goal: Crush NA/Brit alliance and capture Canada Effects: Treaty of Ghent, Rise in industry, Jackson becoming famous, End of the Federalist party
Migration to the West
Nationalism Economic opportunity in the west (land) Improved Transportation made it easier for people to travel West
Effects of Nationalism
Different language, art,and literature, as well as Manifest destiny (move west) Rise of Democratic Society- Equality reigns, division between classes are blurred
Monroe Doctrine
Tells Europe to stay out of Western Hemisphere
Clay's Proposal (Missouri Compromise)
Missouri admitted a a slave holding state Maine admitted as free Rest of Louisiana territory prohibited slavery Preserves sectional balance for 30 years (slavery no slavery)
Election of 1824
Last of "elite" presidents John Adams Against a more regular Andrew Jackson Jackson wins by a "landslide" if you will
Second Party System
Jacksonian Democrats vs Whigs Caused by opposition to Jackson Disagreed on topics: Strong federal gov Bank Tariffs Clay's "American System"
Market Revolution
Change in where goods were able to be bought and sold - opens up markets around the country Makes US economy: Connected Specialized Bigger
Causes of Market Revolution
Higher Birth rate More immigrants Advanced technology for travel (Steam engine, trains) More people looking for opportunity
Assembly Line
Interchangeable parts allowed for assembly line and mass production
Factories
Elements of production under one roof More productive Powered by water then steam engines later on
Corporations
Easier to make a corporation People put their money together to make canals, roads, and factories
Government Policy
Protect US from European competition Laws passed to protect contracts to motivate entrepreneurs Tariff of 1816: First protective tax on foreign goods so people are encouraged to buy American goods
Regional Specialization
Northeast: Industry with immigrants and farmers unable to compete Midwest: Food and used new technologies over slavery (farmers) South: Cotton, use of slavery, social stratification
Classes
Urban Poor: unpredictable jobs with alcohol addiction and dirty workplace Middle Class: Doctors, lawyers, managers that bought factory goods and got material comfort (CAPITALISM!!!)
Labor Unions
Poor working conditions Unions became legal in 1842 Mostly unsuccessful due to workers being replaced by immigrants willing to work for less.
Women in factories
Poor women worked in dangerous factories Lowell system hired teenage girls who experienced new freedom
Cult of domesticity
Women go from working alongside men on a farm to being only in the home Women got respect for creating a happy home
Urbanization consequences
Pollution Crime Poverty Substance Abuse
Women movements
Breaking from the Cult of Domesticity Spreading of women's moral influence from inside the home and to society as a whole 2nd Great Awakening heavily impacting women
Goals of Women's movements
Social institutions Public Education Temperance movement abolitionist Suffrage movements 1848
Abolitionist & Women
Angelina and Sara Grimke claim equal civil rights for women Harriet Stowe & Uncle's Tom's Cabin Degradation of slave women
Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lucretia Mott organized a gathering Goal: Outline a coherent statement of women's equality Declaration of Sentiments
Transcendentalism
Goal: Know yourself, experience harmony in nature Must overcome: reason, conformity, evils of society Bring humanity to higher state
American Literature
Nationalistic Americans to read works of American authors about American themes
Washington Irving
James Fenimore Cooper
Nathaniel Hawthorne
American Art
Portrayed the everyday life of ordinary Americans: voting, domestic chores, riding the riverboat, etc. 2. Heroic beauty of the American landscape
Abolistion movement Causes
Second Great awakening Morals
Free soil movement
No slavery Increasing number of abolitionists
Radical Abolistionists
Gains momuentum Immediate emmancipation Morals Underground railroad Appeal to public opinion
Northern Response
Abolition was too radical Wanted a compromise no immediate emmancipation
Fugitive Slave Act (1850)
If you find an esacaped slave you can not help then and must return them
Names
William Garrison: Anti slavery society Fredrick Douglass: The North Star
The South
No abolitionist movement No anti slavery propaganda Tight slave codes Turner Rebellion
Kansas Nebraska Act
Note 
Flashcard (152)