APUSH Chapter 20

Alfred Mahan

The biggest influence of sea power upon history.

William H. Seward

Secretary of State (1861-1869), removed French Troops from Mexico, bought Alaska from Russia for 7.2 milly.

Seward’s Folly

The purchase of Alaska for 7.2 mil from Russia.

James G. Blaine

Secretary of State (Harrison Administration), Organized Pan-American Conference 1889, met reps from nations from the Western Hemisphere, allowed them for political and economic cooperation.

Richard Olney

Secretary of State (Cleveland Administration), helped organize compromise between Britain and Venezuela. Enforced Monroe Doctrine. Started trend of U.S.-Britain friendship.

Popular American Products

McCormick Farm Machinery, Kodak cameras, Singer sewing machines, Sherman-Williams paints.

Banana Republics

Central American countries controlled by American Businesses

Reconcentration

Policy of moving Cubans to detention camps so that they could not aid rebels.

Yellow Journalism

Press sensationalized the need for war. Exaggerated and false accounts were reported

DeLome Letter

Insulting letter by the Spanish Minister to the U.S.

Sinking of the Maine

McKinley: Sends USS Maine to Havana, Cuba to end riots. Feb 15 explosion sinks this ship and 250 Americans are killed.

“A Splendid Little War”

U.S. war where they began the attack on Spain in the Philippines. May 1 1898.

Treaty of Paris 1898

Ends splendid war. Spain recognizes Cuba’s independence and gives Philippines, PR, and Guam to the US.

Platt Amendment

U.S. gained naval bases, Cuba could not enter into any foreign agreements.

Samuel Gompers

President of American Labor Force, allowed immigrants from U.S. territories in.

Insular Cases

Series of Supreme Court cases regarding US Territories. “Does the Constitution Follow the Flag”. Supreme Court rules that Congress has the power to decide rights of territories on a case by case basis.

William McKinley

Wins election of 1900, Republican nominee.

William Jennings Bryan

Loses election of 1900, Democratic nominee

Theodore Roosevelt

Replaces McKinley as president once he is assassinated, war hero.

Leon Czolgosz

Assassinates McKinley, Anarchist.

Big Stick Policy

Policy by Teddy Roosevelt which means to act peacefully but have strength incase things go wrong.

Panama Canal

Roosevelt attempted to make canal through Panama, supports Panamanian revolt vs Columbia.

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

Treaty which removed British influence from the region.

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

Grants US control of Canal Zone in Panama, completed by 1914.

John Hay

Chinese Secretary of State, requests open door policy of 1899, foreign powers reluctantly comply.

Portsmouth Conference

Peace Settlement regarding Russo-Japanese War.

Gentleman’s Agreement

California’s Discriminatory Laws offend Japan, US agree to repeal them, Japan agrees to restrict emigration to US.

Great White Fleet

Roosevelt sends a load of battleships around the world (1907-1909)

Dollar Diplomacy

Reliance on American Business to influence foreign countries.

Jones Act 1916

Full territorial status, Bill of Rights for Filipinos, future independence for them.