War of 1812 and Era of Good Feelings Assessment

Second War for Independence and Mr. Madison’s War

What was the war of 1812 also known as?

The Americans were fighting the British for similar reasons as they were in the American Revolution such as economic independence and them stealing our people (policy of impressment)

How is the War of 1812 the Second War for Independence?

Policy of Impressment

The British stole American men off of ships and stole the ships/flags. They forced the men to fight for the British (“impressing” them). What is this called?

End of American Revolution until 1812

How long did Impressment go on for?

The British fought the French who wanted to take over the world, and they needed more people to join their army, so they took American men.

Why do the British use the Policy of Impressment?

The British took American flags and put them on their ships to get around blockades the French set up in order to use America for resources.

How did the British trick the French?

The British stole ships, people, and money.

Why did James Madison feel like the country needed to go to war against the British?

Napolean

Who led the French at the time of the War of 1812?

He was the president at the time, and he was strongly opinionated on going to war.

Why was the War of 1812 also called James Madison’s War?

Most of the American public is annoyed that most presidents are only from Virginia

What was Virginia Dynasty?

He is not a good leader, he is quiet, and Americans needed a louder leader to go into the War of 1812, so people did not think he was great at the job.

How is Virginia Dynasty used in Madison’s case?

The American Flag because it is shared between everyone (in addition to Pledge of Allegience)

What allowed for nationalism in the country and why?

1812

When is the U.S. national flag established?

The British made it into Washington D.C. (U.S. capital), and they paid natives to burn down the Whitehouse.

How were the British on the brink of winning the War of 1812 in August of 1814?

She runs back into the Whitehouse and grabs a picture of George Washington to resemble significance and instructs James to ride on a horse and tell the rest of D.C. that the war isn’t over, bringing more people together.

How did Dolly (James Madison’s wife) redeem the War of 1812?

It was not fortified/made official yet

Why was Fort McHenry not the strongest fort for Americans to go to?

They knew the British would be attacking from there because it is a harbor, so they reach the coasts before the inland.

Why were many troops already located at Fort McHenry in Sept of 1814?

American flag

Despite General Armistead feeling prepared for the British to invade Fort McHenry, what did he feel they were missing to provide nationalism?

Mary Pickersgill and other women

Who was able to make a flag at Fort McHenry?

She can make it however she wants, except it needs stars, red white blue colors, and stripes

What did Armistead tell Mary Pickersgill in terms of how she can make the flag?

In a brewery because the house was too small

Where does Mary Pickersgill make the American flag and why?

The British try to pull the flag, and Armistead says they need to raise it.

What happened during the bombardment at Fort McHenry?

He watched the bombardment on a warship, and the weather was so bad but the flag stayed up. He writes a poem called Bombardment of Fort McHenry which becomes the National Anthem.

What did Francis Scott Key do?

They took a piece of the flag to keep them motivated and have a sense of nationalism while fighting

What did soldiers do as a result of the flag standing so strong?

British POV of War of 1812

• Take Americans off the ships and kidnap them

• steal their ships

• Use their flag to get into ports

• impress the men

• put them into their military

American perspective of War of 1812

• Feel it is wrong British took American men, ships, use impressment, steal money

• War was controversial - not everyone wanted it, Madison declared it (Mr. Madison’s War)

• After Whitehouse burning, they thought country war in danger

Tecumseh (leader)

His brother, Tenskwatawa (his brother)

Who were two important figures in the Shawnee tribe?

1. Showed native resistance to Euro-American encroachment onto their land

2. Established national, American, Canadian, and regional identities as to what land belongs to who

How was the Native perspective of 1812 significant 2 reasons?

French, British, Spanish

What European groups were the natives trying to combat?

British are in Canada to the north while U.S. is expanding - they have bumped into each other because lines are not fully defined

Why were their border conflicts between British and America?

They used salutary neglect, they did not fully monitor it because nobody was really there

In the Illinois territory right under Canada but below the U.S., nobody was really there even though the British technically owned it. How did the British proceed that idea?

The British technically owned that area, but Native Americans were making claims there, but they ended up being successful in doing so

Why was there conflict over establishing the native territory right under Canada and in the north part of the U.S.?

Tenskwatawa, the profit

Who found the religious end of Native American resistance?

“I have been given a bar of heaven and hell, and it is my job to save the indigeneous of North America

What did Tenskwatawa say after waking up from his trance?

He creates a pantribal religion that he hopes would salvage indigeneous people and their cultures

What does Tenskwatawa do as a result of realizing God is the “great creator of heaven” and realizing who the devil, known as the “serpant” is?

By going back to “original ways” like no alcohol or nothing “European or American”

How does Tenskwatawa try to implement the new religion?

The Serpant created the British and Americans, but God created the natives

What did Tenskwatawa say that is different between the British+Americans from the indigeneous?

They bring them out of the brink of extinction by having them become one traditional, unified moment that do the same things against the white men

How does Tenskwatawa cause revive the native troops?

More political

What kind of view does Tecumseh have?

By uniting against one common enemy

What Tecumseh believe the only way to survive is?

It was for them to borrow for the time that they are alive

What did Tecumseh believe about the Illinois territory?

He believed they could not buy or sell land to/from Americans or Europeans without the approval of every tribe

What was Tecumseh’s policy on selling the land?

Democratic

What type of ideals did Tecumseh have?

He grew the confederacy by traveling west, south, north, and east

How did Tecumseh prevent reservations (land set aside for Natives due to western expansion)?

Prophetstown, William Henry Harrison

What was the capital of the the territory and who was the governor?

Lay siege on Prophetstown because he wanted to keep it strong if British and Natives teamed up, preventing Americans from accessing it

What did Harrison do as a result of the rumbling of ideas of war?

Native leader of the war

Who does Harrison end up teaming up with for the war?

British and expanding Americans

Who are Tecumseh’s two enemies?

He felt is was “the lesser of 2 evils”

Why did Tecumseh decide to side with the British with his Confederacy?

The Battle of the Tems - a major battle in War of 1812

When was Tecumseh killed?

The dream of natives having their original land (pan-native land) because Tecumseh is dead, so his dream is dead - Americans eventually win.

What ends as a result of Tecumseh’s death?

“If we kill Tecumseh, we kill the dream”

What was American mentality toward Tecumseh?

As an amazing leader, just like George Washington, like a hero. He was named “nobel savage”

How was Tecumseh viewed after his death? What was he named?

Tipaknoo is a River near Tecumseh’s death, and William Henry Harrison names himself “Tipaknoo” because he killed Tecumseh. However, he dies in office and he was elected in a zero year; other presidents elected in a 0 year also die.

What was Tecumseh’s curse?

James Monroe

Who was the president during the Era of Good Feelings?

Info about James Monroe

• Founding father

• Born in Massachusetts

• Democratic Republican

Info about James Madison

• Architect of Constitution

• Founding father

• Virginian

1815-1825

What years did the Era of Good Feelings last from?

The country has nationalism during the Era of Good Feelings, so he does not need to bind the country together.

How does Monroe have a more simple presidency than other presidents?

Developing American culture

What is mainly focused on during Monroe’s presidency?

Culture is developed, federal government grows, and economy expands

Why does the country flourish during Monroe’s presidency?

They move their focus from Europeans to developing American culture

How does the country adjust during Monroe’s presidency?

He is a northern president

How does Monroe cause the country to move away from Southern Dynasties?

1816

When was Monroe elected?

Noah’s Webster’s blue-backed speller which defines American English from British English from the combination of German, Native, French, and Spanish

What is an example of cultural nationalism used?

The best artists go there to depict beautiful American landscapes in the western areas to help people expand west and show the beauty of the country

How does the Hudson River School allow for nationalism?

There is only one political party at this time, the Democratic Republicans

How is there political nationalism in the Era of Good Feelings

There is no mudslinging and things can get passed quickly because there is unity

How does James Monroe benefit from one political party?

New perspectives, compromises, and ideas were not thought of

How was only one political party dangerous?

Some cases were sent to the Supreme Court, and famous justice John Marshall’s rulings reflected the Nationalism at the time.

How was there judicial nationalism during the Era of Good Feelings?

Maryland does not really like the bank of U.S., so they tax any bank that is not a state bank for $15k (at this time just the bank of U.S.), so Maryland wants to decrease federal power

What is the case MCullon vs. Maryland about?

States can’t interfere with federal agencies

What was the overall ruling on the MCullon vs. Maryland case?

NY allowed a steamboat company to operate their boats in the water between the states, but they told other companies they could not do so.

What was the Gibbons vs. Ogden case about?

Only the federal government can regulate interstate trade and the waterways

What was the overall ruling on the Gibbons vs. Ogden case?

Both increase the federal government’s control in the country and proved the federal government stands above the states

What do the two court cases MCullon vs. Maryland and Gibbons vs. Ogden have in common?

It was owned by Spain, so they would technically be free because Spain has no slavery.

Why did many enslaved people escape to Florida?

Andrew Jackson

Which military General was stationed in Florida during the War of 1812?

Seminole tribe, Spaniards (they are not active), escaped enslaved people, and U.S. general Andrew Jackson

Which people are in FL when the War of 1812 breaks out?

Because the British and Natives sides, he had to prevent the Seminoles from staging a Revolution like Tecumseh. He was only instructed to attack if they attacked first.

What job did the federal government give for Andrew Jackson in Florida?

He attacked the Seminoles and Spaniards, burned down homes, removes Spanish government from Florida. He was told to only act if they attacked.

How did Andrew Jackson disobey the federal government?

The idea of Manifest Destiny is present, the idea that the U.S. should control the continent and Spain is in the way, and he gets Spain out of FL.

Why was Andrew Jackson seen as a national hero at the time of the war?

The U.S. officially purchased FL from Spain

What does the Adams-Onis treaty do (issued by Monroe)?

What to do with the free enslaved people in FL, whether slavery moves west or not.

What was an ongoing debate after the Adams Onis treaty was issued?

For latin American Revolutions

Why were people from many European countries coming to the U.S. after the War of 1812?

It instructed people from the United States to stay in the Western Hemisphere, and Europeans to stay in the Eastern Hemisphere. They were prohibited from contacting one another allowed each other to stay on their own land.

What did the Monroe Doctrine say?

North, Mezzo, and South America

What did the Monroe Doctrine say the U.S. was responsible for dealing with?

WW1

When did the Europeans abide by the doctrine until?

By having Henry Clay implement the American System which connects Northern and Southern economies together so they work as one unit

How did the United States have economic nationalism?

A tariff was used to help with Northern industries, and anything imported from outside of there was taxed. If someone bought from another country, a protected tax would be paid to the government.

How did the American system work?

Roads, railways, canals

What was the money made with the tariff used for?

They felt it does not really accommodate their trade; the tariff hurts their trade and and only benefitted Northern industries

Why does the South not like the American System as much?

It grew national trade and funded national industries.

How did the American System benefit the United States as a whole?

to decrease the amount of slavery

What were the intentions of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin?

The cotton gin does not cover every function, it only picks the seeds out of the cotton but not the actual cotton, and it connects Northern industries with Southern enslavement, causing higher prices for cotton

How did the cotton gin not actually decrease the amount of slavery?

Be slower at completing their tasks and break their tools used for the plantation

What were small ways of rebellion enslaved people did?

Eugenics

In 1808, the United States officially does not want to import anymore slaves, and try to reduce slavery but they made slaves that were already there reproduce.

The seeds were picked by the machine, but the cotton still needed to be picked, needing even more slaves

How did the cotton gin need more enslavement?

People could buy cotton at a lower price in the North, the cotton was produced and picked by slaves who needed to meet the demands of the North and South.

How did Henry Clay’s tariff not benefit the slaves but benefit the North?

They were founded on the ideal of freedom

What is ironic about the U.S. which slaves were located in?