chapter 11 gov voacb (copy)

interest groups

any group that seeks to influence public policy

membership interests

interest groups made up of those who join voluntarily

“beltway bandits”

large not-for-profit firms with trade representatives or lobbyists in washington who win federal grants and contracts

solidary incentives

the sense of pleasure, status, or companionship arising from group membership

material benefit incentives

money, things, or services obtainable from interest group membership

public-interest lobby

the goals of an organization that, if attained, would benefit primarily nongroup members

ideological interest groups

organizations that attract members mostly by the appeal of their broad, contoversial principles

PIRGs

organizations that gather information on consumer topics (first organized by ralph nader)

direct mail

the solicitation of funding through letter campaigns

client politics

the situation that arises when a government agency services as well as regulates a distinct group

federalist 10

argued the latent that causes of faction are sown in the nature of man

grassroots support

backing for a public policy that arises or is created in public opinion

“dirty dozen”

a list, compiled by an environmental interest group, of those legislators who voted most frequently against its measures

issue public

the part of the public that is directly affected by or deeply concerned with a governmental policy

PACs

groups that can collect political donations and make campaign contributions to candidates for office

revolving-door influence

the practice of lobbying officals with such promises as employment after their government service

federal regulation of lobbying act of 1946

its application restrcted to lobbying efforts involving direct contacts with members of Congress

cue (political)

a signal to a member of Congress that identifies which values are at stake in a vote

incentive (political)

a valued benefit obtained by joining a political organization

lobbyist

a person attempting to influence government decisions on behalf of an interest group

purposive incentive

the sense of satisfaction derived from serving a cause from which one does not benefit personally

ratings

an assessment of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group

social movement

a widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order

insider strategy

lobbyists working closely with a few key members of Congress, meeting them privately to exchange information and sometimes favors

outsider strategy

plan increasingly used by lobbyists with advent of modern technology and employing grassroots lobbying