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interest groups
any group that seeks to influence public policy
membership interests
interest groups made up of those who join voluntarily
“beltway bandits”
large not-for-profit firms with trade representatives or lobbyists in washington who win federal grants and contracts
solidary incentives
the sense of pleasure, status, or companionship arising from group membership
material benefit incentives
money, things, or services obtainable from interest group membership
public-interest lobby
the goals of an organization that, if attained, would benefit primarily nongroup members
ideological interest groups
organizations that attract members mostly by the appeal of their broad, contoversial principles
PIRGs
organizations that gather information on consumer topics (first organized by ralph nader)
direct mail
the solicitation of funding through letter campaigns
client politics
the situation that arises when a government agency services as well as regulates a distinct group
federalist 10
argued the latent that causes of faction are sown in the nature of man
grassroots support
backing for a public policy that arises or is created in public opinion
“dirty dozen”
a list, compiled by an environmental interest group, of those legislators who voted most frequently against its measures
issue public
the part of the public that is directly affected by or deeply concerned with a governmental policy
PACs
groups that can collect political donations and make campaign contributions to candidates for office
revolving-door influence
the practice of lobbying officals with such promises as employment after their government service
federal regulation of lobbying act of 1946
its application restrcted to lobbying efforts involving direct contacts with members of Congress
cue (political)
a signal to a member of Congress that identifies which values are at stake in a vote
incentive (political)
a valued benefit obtained by joining a political organization
lobbyist
a person attempting to influence government decisions on behalf of an interest group
purposive incentive
the sense of satisfaction derived from serving a cause from which one does not benefit personally
ratings
an assessment of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group
social movement
a widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order
insider strategy
lobbyists working closely with a few key members of Congress, meeting them privately to exchange information and sometimes favors
outsider strategy
plan increasingly used by lobbyists with advent of modern technology and employing grassroots lobbying
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