Morality - Sydlik Midterm (Not complete or in depth study guide)

What is the Magisterium?

the teaching authority of the Catholic Church, responsible for interpreting and preserving the faith.

What is nihilism?

the philosophical belief that life is meaningless and rejects all religious and moral principles.

What is human dignity?

refers to the inherent, inalienable, and inviolable worth of every person, rooted in their creation in the image of God.

What is the difference between freedom and license?

The ability to choose responsibly and morally, while the other is the unrestricted exercise of one's will without regard for moral law.

What is Divine Providence?

is the belief that God is actively involved in guiding and caring for creation and human affairs.

What are the three sources of knowledge of morality?

human reason, human experience, and Divine Revelation.

What is moral relativism?

the belief that moral truths are not absolute but vary based on culture, society, or personal perspective.

What is the problem of moral relativism?

it can lead to a lack of universal moral standards, making it difficult to judge right from wrong.

How does morality respond to God?

seen as a response to God's call to live a life that reflects His love and truth.

What is the basis of morality?

includes human abilities, the guidance of the Holy Spirit, the support of the Church, and Jesus as the ultimate moral model.

What does it mean to be made in the image and likeness of God?

humans possess inherent dignity and the capacity for reason, love, and relationship with God.

What are the effects of sin on human dignity?

diminishes human dignity by distorting relationships with God and others, leading to separation from divine grace.

What is the Protoevangelium?

the first announcement of the Gospel, found in Genesis 3:15, which foretells the coming of Christ as the Savior.

What is God's law?

a guide to eternal happiness and is designed to protect human dignity and lead to authentic freedom.

What is natural law?

the moral law understood through human reason, reflecting God's eternal law and guiding human behavior.

What is the Great Commandment?

Jesus' teaching to love God with all your heart, soul, and mind, and to love your neighbor as yourself.

What are the Beatitudes?

teachings of Jesus that describe the attitudes and characteristics of those who are blessed in the Kingdom of God.

What is discernment?

process of making careful judgments about moral choices, guided by conscience and moral principles.

What is the role of conscience in moral decision-making?

practical judgement of reason

What are capital sins?

grave sins that lead to other sins and vices; they include pride, greed, lust, envy, gluttony, and wrath.

What is Original Sin?

he fallen state of human nature inherited from Adam and Eve, which affects all humanity.

What is the significance of the Sabbath?

day of rest and worship, established by God, symbolizing the covenant relationship between God and His people.

What is sacrilege?

the violation or misuse of sacred persons, places, or things, showing disrespect for what is holy.

What is the meaning of the Eucharist?

the sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, celebrated in the Mass, representing the ultimate act of love and sacrifice.

What is metanoia?

refers to a transformative change of heart, especially in relation to repentance and moral conversion.

4th Commandment

Begins commandments based on love of neighbor, emphasizing respect for human dignity within family and society.

Domestic Church

The family unit, seen as a reflection of the communion of the Blessed Trinity.

5th Commandment

Focuses on the sacredness of human life and the human body, emphasizing a consistent ethic of life.

Consistent Ethic of Life

The belief that all human life is sacred and should be protected from conception to natural death.

Euthanasia

The act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve suffering.

Assisted Suicide

Providing a person with the means to end their own life, often due to terminal illness.

Abortion

The termination of a pregnancy before the fetus can live independently outside the womb.

7th Commandment

Calls for justice in property and forbids envy and greed.

10th Commandment

Addresses the sin of coveting and promotes justice and respect for others' possessions.

8th Commandment

Calls to speak truth and forbids detraction and calumny.

Solidarity

Social charity; the responsibility we have for each other as members of society.

Subsidiarity

The principle that higher levels of society should not interfere in the functions of lower levels that can take care of themselves.

Moral Object

The specific action being considered in a moral decision.

Intention

The motive behind a person's action in a moral decision.

Circumstance

Factors that affect the person's responsibility in a moral act.

STOP Method

A decision-making process that involves Search, Think, Others, and Pray.

SEER Method

A method for conscience development: Study, Elect, Execute, Review.

Metanoia

A Greek term for repentance, meaning a turning away from sin.

Cardinal Virtues

The four virtues of Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, and Temperance that guide moral behavior.

Theological Virtues

Virtues of Faith, Hope, and Charity that relate directly to God.

Dignity

The inherent, inalienable, and inviolable worth of every human being.

Civil Law

Laws enacted by a government that must conform to Natural Law to be moral.

Revealed Law

Laws given by God through scripture, including the Old and New Testament.

Simony

The act of buying or selling spiritual goods.

imputable

capable of being held responsible

character

who we are and who we are becoming based on choices

determinism

belief that humans have no freewill

lax conscience

not caring

beatific vision

seeing God face to face in heaven

Golden rule

do onto others as you would have them do onto you

prudence

wisdom in making moral choices

justification

Gods forgiveness

santifying grace

habitual presenecre of God in our soul

actual grace

one specific moment instance of God helping us

sacramental grace

grace received in the sacraments

charisms

gifts we have for building up the church

scurpulos conscience

an active and effective conscience

vincible ignorance

can over come

invincible ignorance

cannot overcome

fortitude

strength to do the good

hattah

the missing mark

pasha

rebellion

awon

guilt

social sin

societal impact of personal sin

personal sin

harms relationship w/ god

venial

less serious than mortal

sin of commision

sinful acts

ommission of sin

failure to act

healing sin

confession, contrition, pennacne, reconciliation

primacy of Gods law

no human authority overrides God

hersey

denial of a truth of faith

apostasy

total rejection of christianity

schism

breaking unity with the church