Health unit 5

four categories of medicine that help prevent and treat illness

medicines the prevent diseases
medicines that fight pathogens
medicines that relieve pain/symptoms
medicines that manage chronic conditions, help maintain/restore health, regulate body systems

medicine that prevents disease

vaccines

medicine that fight pathogens

antibiotics

medicines that relieve pain/symptoms

aleve, cough syrup

medicines that manage chronic conditions, help maintain/restore health, regulate body systems

propanolol - heart rate regulation

role of FDA

new medicines need to pass standards set by FDA

do not regulate herbal and dietary supplements

over the counter

**medicines you can buy without a doctor’s prescription**

prescription

**medicines dispensed only with written approval of licensed physician or nurse-practitioner**

medicine misuses

lose weight

stay awake while studying

fit in with peers

nicotine

addictive drug found in tobacco leaves 

stimulant

drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs

carciogen

cancer-causing substance

tar

thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns 

effects of tar

damages lungs

damage (cilia) hair in lungs

carbon monoxide

colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas 

short term effects of tobacco

brain chemistry changes

respiration and heart rate increase

taste buds are dulled and appetite is reduced

bad breath, yellowed teeth, smelly hair, skin, and clothes

long term effects

Chronic bronchitis 

Emphysema

Lung cancer 

Coronary heart disease and stroke 

weakened immune system 

benefits of living tobacco free

healthy heart

healthy lungs

reduces risk of premature death

long term effects of smoking

bronchitis

emphysema

lung cancer

coronary heart disease

stroke

weakened immune system

risks of second hand smoke

coronary heart disease and stroke
lung cancer
sids
nasal irritation
stroke

alcohol is

a depressant

short term effects of alcohol

slow reflexes

reduced ability to judge speed and distance

reduced concentration

influences on alcohol effect

body size

gender

rate of intake

amount

food

medicine

binge drinking

5 or more drinks in one sitting

alcohol poisioning

severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to alcohol overdose

psychological dependence

condition in which a person believes that a drug is needed in order to feel good or to function normally

physiological dependence

* condition in which the user has a chemical need for a drug

alcohol and family

neglect

abuse

drinking

economic hardship

alcoholism

disease in which person has physical or psychological dependence on alcohol

benefits of alcohol free life

weight loss

better liver

better brain function

blood alcohol concentration

amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage

substance abuse

unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for non medical purposes 

effects of substance abuse

stop pursuing interests

risky behavior

sexual activity

depression

suicide

pyschoactive drug

chemicals that affect central nervous system and alter brain activity

4 main pyschoactive drug

stimulants

opiates

depressants

halluciogens

communicable disease

disease that is spread from one living organism to another or through the environment

virus

piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat

how is bacteria harmful

cause diseases

how do pathogens spread

direct contact with infected person

child birth

puncture wounds

contact with infected animal

physical barrier

skin block pathogens from invading your body. 

chemical barrier

enzymes in tears destroy those invaders

immune system

network of cells, tissues, organs, and chemicals that fights off pathogens

inflammatory response

reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection

activie immunity

body develops natural active immunity when exposed to invading pathogens

passive immunity

Artificial passive immunity happens when you receive an injection prepared with antibodies that are produced by an animal or a human immune to the disease

sexually transmitted disease

highly communicable infections that are contracted through sexual contact

asymptomatic

Individuals show no symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and disappear after the onset of the infection.

hiv

std that damages immune system

aids

later, more severe phase to immune system

std

 best way to avoid contracting an STD/drug abuse

set personal limits

avoid dating someone who does risky things

avoid situations with high pressure

avoid people who mkae fun of safe decisions

refusal skills

be clear about decision