NURS 302 Test #2 Roadmap

These flashcards cover essential terms and concepts from the NURS 302 Test #2 lecture notes, focusing on skin and respiratory assessments.

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin made of keratin.

Dermis

The layer of skin that contains collagen, blood vessels, hair follicles, and sensory receptors.

Subcutaneous

The layer of fat cells that aids in temperature regulation and provides cushioning.

Pitting Edema

A condition characterized by an indentation in the skin after pressure is applied.

ABCDE of Skin Assessment

A mnemonic for assessing skin lesions: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolution.

Cyanosis

A bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes indicating low oxygen levels in the blood.

Clubbing

The expansion of the fingers and toes, associated with chronic oxygen deficiency.

Dyspnea

Difficulty or shortness of breath.

Hypoxia

A state of low oxygen in the body that affects brain function and behavior.

Tracheal Breath Sounds

Loud, high-pitched sounds heard over the trachea; equal inspiration and expiration.

Bronchial Breath Sounds

Loud, high-pitched sounds heard primarily over the anterior chest; shorter inspiration than expiration.

Vesicular Breath Sounds

Soft, low-pitched sounds heard throughout most of the lung fields, with longer inspiration.

Wheezes

High-pitched musical sounds produced when air flows through narrowed airways.

Stridor

A high-pitched crowing sound indicating upper airway obstruction, can be life-threatening.

Incentive Spirometer

A device to encourage deep breathing and lung expansion post-surgery.

Accessory Muscles

Muscles used to aid respiration during respiratory distress.

Ruddy Appearance

A dark reddish appearance of the skin indicating long-term hypoxia.

Peripheral Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration in the extremities due to poor blood circulation.