Chem exam 5

Bond Energy

the energy needed to overcome the attraction between the nuclei and their shared electrons. The stronger the bond the higher the bond energy. is always endothermic. Takes energy to break bonds.

why is N2 and stronger bond than C2?

the size of N is smaller than C, so bond length between nitrogens is shorter

Electronegativity

the ability of an atom in a covalent bond to attract the shared electron pair to itself

order H, Cl, C, F, N, O based on decreasing EN

F> O > N = Cl > C > H

who came up with the electronegativity scale?

linus pauling

≥ 1.7 EN

mostly ionic

> 0.4 and < 1.7 EN

polar covalent

≤ 0.4 EN

nonpolar covalent

0 EN

fully covalent

unlike covalent molecules, no compound can be fully _____

ionic

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 2, linear

bond angle: 180

molecular shape (class): linear ; AX2

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 3, trigonal planar

bond angle: 120

molecular shape (class): trigonal planar, AX3

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 2, trigonal planar

bond angle: <120

molecular shape (class): bent or V shaped; AX2E

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 4, tetrahedral

bond angle: 109.5

molecular shape (class): tetrahedral, AX4

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 3, tetrahedral

bond angle:<109.5

molecular shape (class): trigonal pyrimidal, AX3E

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 2, tetrahedral

bond angle: <109.5

molecular shape (class): bent or V shaped, AX2E2

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 5, trigonal bipyridmidal

bond angle: 90 (eq), 120 (ax)

molecular shape (class): trigonal bipyrimidial, AX5

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 4, trigonal bipyrimidal

bond angle: <90 , <120

molecular shape (class): seesaw , AX4E

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 3, trigonal bipyrimidal

bond angle: <90

molecular shape (class): T-shape, AX3E2

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 2, trigonal bipyrimidal

bond angle: 180

molecular shape (class): linear , AX2E3

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 6, octahedral

bond angle: 90

molecular shape (class): octahedral, AX6

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 5, octahedral

bond angle: <90

molecular shape (class): square pyrimidal, AX5E

bonding group (no. and name):

bond angle:

molecular shape (class):

bonding group (no. and name): 4, octahedral

bond angle: 90

molecular shape (class): square planar, AX4E2