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Who was in the grand alliance?
Britain, Soviet Union and USA.
When was the grand alliance formed?
1941
How many conferences were there between 1943-1945?
3
What was the aim of the grand alliance?
To defeat Nazi Germany.
What was the 1st conference?
Tehran conference
What was the 2nd conference?
Yalta conference
What was the 3rd conference?
Potsdam conference
Who attended the Tehran conference?
Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt (FDR)
Who attended the Yalta conference?
Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt (FDR)
Who attended the Potsdam conference?
Stalin, Churchill (replaced by Attlee) and Truman
Ideology
A set of political ideas/beliefs on how society should be run.
2 main ideologies
Communism and Capitalism
What ideology did the USA support?
Capitalism
What ideology did the USSR support?
Communism
When was the Tehran Conference?
Nov - Dec 1943
When was the Yalta Conference?
Feb 1945
When was the Potsdam Conference?
July-Aug 1946
What was agreed at Tehran?
What was agreed at Yalta?
What was agreed at Potsdam?
Who was happy after Tehran and why?
Stalin/USSR was happy because they gained land from Poland
What were tensions in the grand alliance like at Tehran?
Countries were busy defeating their common enemy (Nazi Germany) so tensions were low and put aside.
What were tensions in the grand alliance like at Yalta?
Tensions worsened slightly because there were small disagreements/trust issues.
What were tensions in the grand alliance like at Potsdam?
Tensions worsened again
The US secretly tested an atomic bomb behind Stalinâs back
Stalin went back on his word about allowing Eastern European states to be free as he had set up a communist government
Countries donât trust each other
What did Truman do just before the Potsdam Conference?
Truman drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
How did the USSR go against the Yalta agreement?
At Yalta and Potsdam, the countries agreed to free elections
The USSR used salami tactics to make sure a communism government won
These government governments got rid of opposition parties making them single parties states
Arms race
The USA and the Soviet Union competed against each other to create and stockpile the most advanced weapons.
Why was the Cold War cold?
There was no direct fighting between the two superpowers
What is the long telegram?
A secret report from US ambassador Kennan to President Truman
When was the long telegram?
1946
What did Kennan say in the Long telegram?
Stalin was spreading communism + wanted to destroy capitalism
USSR were building military and nuclear power
Advised Truman to act aggressively so Stalin will back down
What was the Novikov telegram?
A report from soviet ambassador Novikov to Stalin.
When was the Novikov telegram?
1946
What did Novikov say in the Novikov Telegram?
USA was preparing war with Soviet
USA wanted to use military power to attack the Soviet
Claims that the USSR was the Only country left after war that could stand up to the USA (Superpowers)
Who delivered a famous speech in 1946?
Winston Churchill
When and what did Winston Churchill say in his famous speech?
1946 - said an iron curtain was separating Europe into the East (Communism) and West (Capitalism)
What did the USSR do between 1945 and 1949?
Take control of most of Eastern Europe; naming them Satellite States.
Name some satellite states
Hungary, Poland, East Germany, Bulgaria, Romania
What was Truman concenered about after the creation of the satellite states?
That communism would spread into Western Europe
Why was Truman concerned that Western European countries would turn to communism?
Europe was devastated after war - people were left poor hopeless and jobless
Communism was attractive to people because it made sure everyone got enough/wealth was shared
Countries were too poor to combat communism
What did Truman do in retaliation to the satellite states?
Truman Doctrine + Marshall Plan
What was the Truman doctrine?
USA pledged to support any nation threatened by communist takeover in a military, financial or diplomatic way
Told everyone that communism = evil and capitalism = good
Trumans way of containing communism and making sure it didnât spread
When was the Truman doctrine?
1947
What was the Marshall plan?
USA provided 13 billion to help rebuild West Europe after the war
USA wanted to contain communism and stop it from spreading to the west
By giving the last money, it meant that poor people wouldnât be enticed by communism
When was the Marshall Plan?
1948
What was Stalins reaction to the Truman Doctrine?
Stalin viewed the Truman doctrine as a declaration of war
How did Stalin react to the Marshall plan?
Stalin viewed the Marshall plan as
Truman bribing the west
Trying to split Europe
Stopping communism.
Did the Truman doctrine worsen or improve relation?
Worsen
What did Stalin set up as a result of the Marshall plan and Truman doctrine?
Comecon + Cominform
When was cominform?
1947
When was Comecon?
1949
What was cominform?
Forbade trade with the west
Encouraged western countries to block Marshall plan assistance
Made sure satellite states remain under Soviet control + were loyal
What was Comecon?
Everything shared amongst communist countries
Alternative to the Marshall plan so no satellite states signed up for it
Appeased countries ordered to refuse Marshall Plan
When was FDR president until?
1945, before Potsdam and after Yalta
When was Truman president?
1945-53, during Potsdam but gone before Hungarian crisis
When was Stalin in charge until?
1952 or 3, replaced by Hungarian Crisis
Note 
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