media readings 2

What significant invention did Bi Sheng create in 1041?

Moveable clay type printing in China.

Who invented the first printing press and in what year?

Johannes Gutenberg in 1440.

What was the first printed advertisement and who produced it?

The first printed advertisement was produced by William Caxton in 1477.

What communication device was invented by George Louis Lesage in 1774?

The electric telegraph.

Which invention by W.S. Burt was introduced in 1829?

The typewriter.

What major invention did Alexander Graham Bell create in 1876?

The telephone.

What was the significance of Thomas Edison's invention in 1877?

He invented the phonograph, allowing recording and playback of sound.

Who invented the radio and in what year?

Guglielmo Marconi in 1894.

What year saw the release of the first color movie?

1918, with 'Cupid Angling.'

What major media event occurred in 1920?

The first TV broadcast by John Logie Baird and the first radio commercial broadcast by KDKA.

What significant publication was launched in 1923?

TIME Magazine.

Who is credited with the first TV transmission in 1927?

Philo Farnsworth.

What technology did the community antenna TV system introduce in 1940?

Cable TV.

What year did black and white TV become mainstream?

1950.

What major audio technology emerged in 1963?

Audio cassettes.

What groundbreaking communication technology was developed in 1972?

Email by Ray Tomlinson.

Who developed the handheld mobile phone and when?

John Mitchell and Martin Cooper in 1973.

What year did VCRs become popular for recording and watching TV?

1975.

What major advancement in personal computing occurred in 1981?

The IBM Personal Computer was introduced.

What significant web technology was launched in 1991?

The World Wide Web by Sir Timothy John-Berners Lee.

What year did Facebook launch?

2004.

What was the impact of the digital revolution in the 1990s to 2000s?

It marked a significant shift in how media was consumed and created.

What is the ethical concern regarding true crime media?

It can have negative effects on the lives of real people involved, prioritizing profit over consent.

What was the Supreme Court's ruling regarding video games in 2011?

Justice Antonin Scalia ruled that video games qualify for full First Amendment protection.

What unhealthy habits can arise from excessive gaming?

Sleeping less, exercising less, and eating less healthy foods.

What is fandom?

A way for people to form their identity and find community, strength, and entertainment.

What is a parasocial relationship?

A one-sided emotional connection people form with celebrities, media personalities, or influencers.

What percentage of people engaged in parasocial relationships according to a 2022 study?

51%.

What percentage of people experienced genuine bereavement after a celebrity's death?

20%.

What negative mental health effects can arise from celebrity deaths?

10% reported negative mental health effects.

What is the Celebrity Attitude Scale?

A tool developed in 2002 to evaluate a person's level of interest in celebrities across three categories: entertainment-social, intense-personal, and borderline-pathological.

What is the enrollment cliff in higher education?

A sharp decline in the number of traditional college-aged students, projected to decrease by 13% by 2041.

What major trend has been observed in college enrollment from 2010 to 2021?

A 15% drop in college enrollment.

What is the impact of fewer college students on higher education institutions?

Fewer tuition dollars and potential college closures, which can lead to job losses and economic impact.

What percentage of graduate degree holders earn less than those with only a bachelor's degree?

15%.

What are some innovative solutions colleges are adopting to address enrollment declines?

Lowering tuition, merging resources, creating niche programs, and leveraging technology.

What is the relationship between social media and mental health?

Social media can connect people but also trigger feelings of inadequacy, worsen depression and anxiety, and lead to isolation.

What is FOMO in the context of social media?

Fear of missing out, which can lead to compulsive social media use.

What are some signs that social media may be negatively impacting mental health?

Comparing oneself unfavorably with others, experiencing cyberbullying, and spending more time online than with real-world friends.

What are some strategies for safely using social media?

Engage actively, be selective about connections, and question the information seen online.

What is the trend regarding drug advertisements on TV?

The overall number of TV advertisements for drugs increased by about 65% between 2012 and 2016.

What are the FDA's requirements for drug commercials?

Ads must provide a fair balance of drug benefits and risks and include adequate provisions for risk information.

What is framing theory?

A concept by Erving Goffman that examines how the presentation of information influences audience understanding.

What is the significance of the 2024 political landscape regarding elitism?

Growing elitism has sparked public distrust, with many believing that elites serve their own interests over the public's.

What percentage of young Americans believe that elites serve themselves over the public interest?

52%.

What is the relationship between media and young people's perceptions of relationships?

Media shapes unrealistic expectations of love and relationships among young people.

What are some common issues in today's drug commercials?

Omitting risks, overstating benefits, and failing to present a fair balance of information.

What is the impact of social media on cognitive function?

Heavy social media use can impair cognitive function and concentration.

What are the potential consequences of media addiction?

It can lead to social isolation, depression, anxiety, and even suicidal thoughts.

How can social media serve as a 'security blanket'?

It can provide comfort in social situations or when feeling anxious or lonely.

What is the role of targeted marketing in shaping consumer behavior?

It creates personalized campaigns that can pressure consumers to purchase gifts or experiences.

What are some unrealistic expectations created by romantic advertising?

They suggest that certain products will lead to a fulfilling romantic life.

What is the effect of celebrity culture on fans' behavior?

Fans may feel entitled to 24/7 access to celebrities, leading to stalking or harassment.

What is the significance of the 2019 study on parasocial relationships?

It found that stronger parasocial relationships with celebrities may correlate with lower satisfaction in romantic relationships.

What is the impact of social media on sleep?

Light from screens can disrupt sleep patterns.