Cell division

gene

A section of DNA that contains information that control specific characteristics.

DNA

Contains your entire genome that makes up all of your characteristics.

Allele

One of 2 or more versions of DNA sequence.

Mitosis

A process by which a cell produces identical copies of itself for growth or repair.

Stage 1 of the cell cycle

Interphase. Cellular growth, parent cell duplicates its DNA.

Stage 2 of the cell cycle:

Mitosis. The chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell, cell fibres pull each arm of the chromosomes apart and the nucleus reforms around the chromosomes.

Stage 3 of the cell cycle:

Cytokinesis. The cell membrane and cytoplasm splits into daughter cells.

Haploid Cells

Any cells with 23 chromosomes.

Meiosis

A form of sexual reproduction, these form gametes with only half the original number of chromosomes.

Difference between Mitosis and meiosis

Mitosis makes cells identical to itself, meiosis makes calls with half the chromosomes of the parent.

Variation

Makes a species less vulnerable to environmental changes, allows us to adapt to the environment.

Stem cells

Are cells that are undifferentiated and are able to differentiate into specialised cell types.

Where can you find an adult stem cell?

Bone marrow, skin, brain, eye

What diseases can stem cells cure?

Diabetes, spinal cord injuries, heart damage, eye conditions.

How are embryonic stem cells different to adult stem cells.

They can differentiated into any cell, adult stem cells are limited to differentiating into a small number of cells.

Where do you find stem cells in plants?

In the meristem

Are plant stem cells like embryonic or adult stem cells?

embryonic stem cells, can grow any part of the plant

Uses of plant stem cells

Disease resistant, prevent rare species going extinct, cheap and quick production of food.