Art App Yunit III

Production

it is at the heart of making art

Technique

The ______ of the artwork shows the level of familiarity with the medium being manipulated

Curation

Derived from the word “curare” which means to take care

Curation

It is a process that involves managing, overseeing and assembling or putting together a presentation or exhibit for some type of artistic collection

Drawing

The fundamental skill needed in the visual arts.

Pencil

Made of graphite which comes in different hardness from soft to hard or thickness from thick to needle-like.

Hatching

A series of thin parallel lines that run in the same direction.

Cross-hatching

A series of thin parallel lines and crisscrossing it with another set of tin parallel lines

Stippling

Uses the sharp point of the pencil to make dot patterns in some parts of the drawing

Blending

May be accomplished by using the finger or a paper stump to gradually change the tone from dark to light

Ink

It is one of the oldest materials for drawing that is still in use.

Ink

It allows for a great variety of qualities, depending on the tools and technique used in the application.

Pastel

This is composed of dry pigment held together by a gum binder and compressed into sticks.

Stippling

Using pastel of different colors to produce small marks, thus, creating a pattern.

Feathering

Using the point of the pastel to make parallel strokes creating a feather-like effect.

 Scumbling 

It is like layering but using pastel. The side of the pastel is lightly drawn on top of an existing color but still making the color of the first layer visible.

Impasto

The technique of thickly applying the pastel by pressing it hard on the paper creating an opaque effect.

Sgraffito 

Technique that applies a thick deposit of pastel on the support then using a blunt pen, scrapes it off to reveal the underlying color.

Charcoal

An organic medium that comes from burnt wood.

Compressed Charcoal

The vine charcoal which comes in thin sticks that is easy to blend and erase.

Manufactured Charcoal

Made from loose charcoal mixed with a binder and pressed into sticks.

Paper

The most common surface used in two-dimensional art.

Hot-pressed paper

this type of paper is smooth

Cold-pressed paper

this type of paper has moderate texture

Rough paper

this type of paper has the most texture (tooth)

Painting

It is the process of applying paint onto a smooth surface (ground/support) like paper, cloth, canvas, wood or plaster.

Pigment

Part of the paint that gives color

Watercolor

Pigments are mixed with water and applied to paper.

Gouache

The pigment has been mixed with water and added with a chalk-like material to give it an opaque effect.

Oil Paints

Pigments are mixed with oil as its binder.

Oil Paints

It is a dense painting medium and gives rich, beautiful colors.

Oil Paints

Discovered by a Flemish painter, Jan Van Eyck in the 15th century.

Tempera 

Pigment is mixed with egg yolk (sometimes with the white) as binder

 Fresco

Pigment is mixed with water and applied on a portion of the wall with wet plaster.

Fresco

It is used for mural paintings.

Acrylic

Modern medium with synthetic paint using acrylic emulsion as binder.

Mosaic

Wall or floor decorations made of small tiles or irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass called tesserae

tesserae

small or irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass

Collage

Derived from a French word “coller” which means to stick

curare

to take care

coller

to stick

Collage

This is a technique of making art by gluing or pasting on firm support materials or found objects.

Printmaking

Process used for making reproductions of graphic works

Printmaking

Allows for the repeated transfer of a master image from a printing plate (matrix) onto a surface.

Relief Painting (Raised)

The oldest method of printmaking

Intaglio Printing (Depressed)

Instead of the surface of the plate for the image, the lines of the image are cut or incised to a metal plate

Surface Printing (Flat)

Includes all processes in which printing is done from a flat surface.

Sculpture 

Originated from the Latin word “sculpere” which means to carve. 

Sculpere

to carve

Sculpture 

It is defined as the art or practice of creating three-dimensional forms or figures

Freestanding

Sculptures which can be viewed from all sides.

Relief

Sculptures in which the figures project from a background.

Low Relief (bas relief)

Figures are slightly raised/projected from its background.

High Relief

Almost half of the figures project from its background, more shadows are created.

Kinetic (mobile)

A sculpture that is capable of movement by wind, water or other forms of energy

Subtractive Process

Involves removing or cutting away pieces of the material to form the figure.

Additive Process

The process involves the construction of a figure by putting together bits of the material or by welding together metal parts to create figures

Process of Substitution

This process is also known as casting

Process of Substitution

This method involves using a mold to produce a 3D figure in another material.

Stone

A natural medium. Hard and relatively permanent

Wood

It is also a natural medium. It varies in hardness and durability depending on the kind of tree it came from.

Metal 

It has three unique qualities: tensile strength, ductility and malleability

Plaster

It is finely ground gypsum mixed with water and poured into mold.

Terra cotta (cooked earth) 

Baked clay or clay fired in a kiln at a relatively high temperature.

Glass

Made by heating and cooling a combination of sand and soda lime.

Plastic

Synthetic medium made from organic polymers

Architecture

it is the art of designing buildings and other structures which will serve a definite function

Post and Lintel

Makes use of two vertical supports (post) and spanned by a horizontal beam (lintel).

Arch

A Roman invention that consists of separate pieces of wedge-shaped blocks called voussoirs arranged in a semi-circle.

voussoirs

wedge-shaped blocks

Barrel Vault

A succession of arches

Groin Vault

A structure that is formed by intersecting arches resulting in four openings

Dome

Structure with the shape of an inverted cup.

Truss

System of triangular forms assembled to form a rigid framework.

Cantilever

A structure that makes use of a beam or slab that extends horizontally into space beyond its supporting post

Buttress 

A structure that is built as a support for the wall

Compressive Strength

Refers to those materials that can support heavy weights without crumbling or breaking down.

 Stones and Bricks

these are favored over other materials for its durability, adaptability to sculptural treatment and its use for building simple structures in its natural state.

Lumber (wood)

All parts of a building can be constructed using ______ except the foundations

Iron and Steel

Provide stronger and taller structures with less use of material when compared to stone or wood

Concrete

Mixture of cement and water, with aggregates of sand and gravel

Literature

Art of combining spoken or written words and their meanings into forms which have artistic and emotional appeal

Poetry

It used to follow strict rules to the number and length of lines and stanzas but in recent years they have become more free-flowing

Fiction

Written work that is not real and which uses elaborate figurative language

Non-fiction

Subject matter comes from real life

Drama

Includes all plays or any written works that are meant to be performed

Music

Defined as the art of combining and regulating sounds of varying pitch to produce compositions that express various ideas and feelings

Vocal Medium

The oldest and most popular medium for music is the human voice

Soprano

Highest female singing voice

Contralto

Female singing voice that is low and rich in quality

Tenor

Highest adult male singing voice

Bass

Male singing voice that is low and rich in quality

Baritone

Male singing voice that is between tenor and bass

 Instrumental Medium

Materials that produce/create sound

String Instruments

it provide basic orchestral sounds

Bowed strings

produce tones by means of a bow of horse hair 

Plucked strings

produce tones by plucking the strings with a finger or with a plectrum held in one’s hand

Woodwind Instruments

Create sounds by blowing into them

Brass Instruments

Have cup-shaped mouthpieces and expands into a bell-shaped end

Percussion Instruments

Makes sound by hitting them