Dental Management Chapter 26 Cancer and Oral Care of Pt with Cancer

Most common cancer in men, women, children

Cancer that cause most deaths

prostate, breast, brain

Lung and Bronchus

What are the high-risk HPV strains that cause cancer?

HPV types 16 and 18

Most common sites of metastases

Bone, Liver, Lungs, Brain

Stages of cancer

Stage 0 (In situ)

Stage 1 (Less than 2 cm no nodes and metastasis)

Stage 2 (2-4 cm no nodes and metastasis)

Stage 3 (More than 4 cm or N1)

Stage 4 (If M1 then its stage 4)

What cancer are these associated with?

ALK genes

Alpha-fetoprotein

Beta-2-microglobulin

BRCA

Philidelphia Chromosome

CD20

CD22

CD25

Lung

Liver cancer and Germ cell tumors

Multiple Myeloma

Breast and Ovarian Cancer

CML, ALL, AML

Non-Hodgkin

Hairy cell leukemia

Non-Hodgkin

CT vs MRI

CT: Hard tissue

MRI: Soft tissue

What is the prophylactic for febrile neutropenia?

Colony-Stimulating Factors (Filgrastim, Neupogen)

Difference between Denosumab and Bisphosphonates

BP disables osteoclasts activity

Denosumab blocks osteoblast formation, function, and survival

Intensity modulated radiation therapy

Proton Therapy

3d technique allow for precision

Proteon therapy reduce amount of radiation to healthy tissue for head and neck

Alkylating agents

Plant alkaloids

Antitumor antibiotics

Topoisomerase inhibitors

Cause DNA damage

Disrupt cell division

Disrupt cell cycle

Inhibit cell division

What is the most common side effect of chemotherapy

Bone marrow toxicity (anemia) and Vomiting

What is CAR T cell therapy

Pt’s T cells extracted and replicated and changed in lab to target cancer cells and kill them

What is the most common oral infection

candidiasis

Acyclovir Prophylaxis

Prevent HSV infection

Given if pt is immunocompromised and positive antiviral susceptibiliity testing