Intro to Psychology I - Memory

These flashcards cover key concepts related to memory as discussed in the lecture.

Memory

The persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.

Recall

Retrieving information that is not currently in conscious awareness but was learned at an earlier time.

Recognition

Identifying items previously learned.

Relearning

Learning something more quickly when encountering it a second or later time.

Ebbinghaus’s Retention Curve

A concept illustrating that more practice leads to less time needed to relearn information.

Information-Processing Model

A model comparing human memory to computer operations, involving encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Sensory Memory

The initial, brief storage of sensory information, lasting up to half a second for visual and 2-4 seconds for auditory information.

Short-Term Memory

Activated memory holding a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten, limited to about 7 items.

Long-Term Memory

Relatively permanent storage of information with a capacity that is relatively unlimited.

Explicit Memory

Conscious memories of facts and experiences that are encoded through effort.

Implicit Memory

Unconscious memories formed through automatic processing, including procedural memory and classically conditioned associations.

Chunking

Organization of items into familiar, manageable units, often facilitating better memory performance.

Spaced Study

Encoding is more effective when study is spread over time, enhancing long-term recall.

Testing Effect

Retrieval practice that improves learning and memory more effectively than passive review methods.

Levels of Processing

The concept that verbal information is processed at different depths, affecting long-term retention.

Memory Consolidation

The neural storage process of long-term memory, which is supported by sleep.

Motivated Forgetting

A defense mechanism to forget information that causes anxiety or discomfort.

Source Amnesia

Faulty memory regarding how, when, or where information was learned or imagined.

Deja Vu

The sensation that an event currently being experienced has already been experienced in the past.