COSC 325 Houston (plumbing)

SS

Sanitary Sewer

ABS

Black plastic material

VTR

vent through roof

Primary Purpose of roof vent

Let air into system

What division is plumbing

22

Invert Depth

elevation of the bottom inside of the pipe

DW

Domestic Water

CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride)

hot and cold water supply, off white color

FDC

Fire Department Connection

Above ground pipe material

Metal

1 CFH (Cubic Feet per Hour)

1000Btu/h

OSHA requirement for fall protection

6 feet

OSHA requirement for trenching

5 feet

Wall thickness terms for copper

Type L, K, M

DWV

abbreviation for drainage, waste, and vent. Found on "p" sheets

What are the four groups of plumbing pipe and fitting material?

Plastic, Copper, Cast Iron, Steel

What is Expansion loop for?

In plastic, provides an area for tubing to expand

What plastic pipe is common for DWV?

Schedule 40 ABS

What is the max length of rigid plastic DWV pipe?

35'

What is ABS typically used for?

Sanitary drainage, vent, aboveground and underground storm water drainage.

What is PVC used for?

Sanitary drainage, vent, aboveground and underground storm drainage, water mains, and water service lines. COLD WATER ONLY

What is cpvc used for?

Typically used for HW and CW distribution, Fire sprinkler pipes, water distribution

What is PEX used for?

Water service piping, CW and HW systems, used commonly in residential

Hangers typically take up ___ of labor cost

20%

What is Copper pipe used for?

Water supply, fire suppression, HVAC. Fairly rare.

What is Cast-Iron no-hub and bell-and-spigot used for?

aboveground and underground sanitary drain, vent, and storm water drainage. Bell and spigot typically underground

Fittings for plastic piping?

Cement, caps, compression fittings

Fittings for Copper tubing?

Solder joint fittings (Require fire watch), press fitting, Rolled groove joint fitting, threaded

Fittings for Cast Iron

Hub (Bell-and-Spigot) and no hub

Steel piping

Galvanised or black

Wall thickness terms for plastic

Schedule 20, 40, 80, Bigger number=thicker

Wall thickness terms for Copper piping

Type L, K, M. K is thickest, DWV is thinnest

Wall thickness terms for galvanized steel

Schedule 40, 80

Angle Valve

Globe valve in which the inlet and outlet are at 90 degrees to each other. less resistance to water flow and reduce number of joints required

Ball Valve

Valve having a ball-shaped internal component with a hole through its center that permits water to flow through when aligned with the waterway.

Butterfly Valve

Control valve that uses a flat circular plate in a pipe that rotates 90 degrees across the cross section of the pipe to control the flow of water.

Check Valve

A valve that allows flow in one direction but prevents flow in the opposite direction.

Pressure reducing valve

A valve which maintains uniform pressure on its outlet side regardless of its pressure fluctuations on the inlet side above the pressure level. Usually installed near meters

Water Meter

A device used to measure the amount of water that goes through the water service. (Cubic Feet or Gallons)

DFU

Drainage Fixture Unit. Measure of probable discharge of wastewater and waterborne waste into the drainage system formulated in tests.

What is the minimum diameter of building sewer?

4"

What is the general slope for a vent?

1/8" per foot

Grade/Pitch/Slope for drainage pipe

Min of 1/4" per foot, Max of 3" per foot. Underground sewer sometimes not as steep

Purpose of a cleanout

allow access to the piping to remove stoppages and clean the interior

Where should Cleanouts be installed?

Front main: at the outside wall of the building at the connection of building sewer and drain

Stack base: at the base of all vertical soil or waste stacks

all 90 degree changes in direction

every 50' on 3" and smaller horizontal drainage pipe; every 100' on 4" and larger horizontal and drainage pipe

Stack Vent

The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.

relief vent

A vent with a function to provide circulation if air between drainage and vent system.

How far should a vent terminal be located from openings?

10'

Yoke vent

A pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack to a vent stack for the purpose of preventing pressure changes in the stack

Individual vent

A pipe installed to vent, a fixture trap and w/c connects with the vent system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air

Common Vent

A single vent that ventilates multiple traps in the case of a back to back vent.

Why must horizontal vents be sloped?

so water cannot accumulate

Main Vent (Vent Stack)

A vertical vent pipe that provides air circulation to/from any part of a drainage system. Branches connect here.

How far above the flood level rim of the highest fixture should a branch vent be?

6"

Why are storm water and sanitary waste separated?

Rain water takes up large volumes and sanitary must go to a treatment plant

Purpose of roof drain

receive rainwater and discharge into leader

When are storm drain traps required?

When roof drain body is within 10' of an opening

Max water pressure allowed in buildings

80psi

Purpose of a pressure-reducing valve

to reduce the pressure of the MAIN system to a predetermined lower pressure in the SUBsystem. When street main fluctuates in pressure, water supply to building must be constant.

GPM

Gallons per minute. Quantity of fluid flow.

wsfu

water supply fixture units. Measure of the estimated water demand of a plumbing fixture

Water closet mounting

floor set and wall hung

Max volume of water used for flushing wc

1.6 gallons per flush

flush tank

a tank located above or integral with the water closet, urinal or similar fixtures

for flushing or removing excrements in the fixture

Flushometer valve

is a device, which discharges a predetermined quantity of water

into fixtures for flushing purposes and is actuated by direct water pressure

diaphragm flushometer valve

flushometer valve in which a segmented diaphragm within the valve body controls the flushing water by equalizing pressure on both sides of the diaphragm

Min clear space in front of WC

48"

Max height for a urinal flush valve

44"

Min knee clearance for lavatory

29"

min knee clearance for drinking fountain

27"

Max volume used for flushing urinals

1 gal per flush

Lavatory mounting types

wall-hung, pedestal, countertop, self-rimming, under-counter

electronic power faucets

battery powered or plugged into a receptacle

clothes washer outlet box

plastic enclosure that accommodates water supply and waste connections for a clothes washer

hard water

Water that has certain dissolved ions in it - predominately calcium and magnesium ions

water softener

a device containing an ion-exchange resin that is used to treat water by removing ions causing water hardness

types of water softeners

cabinet and two-tank

three openings on top of gas water heater

cold water supply, hot water outlet, relief (t&p) valve

Water Hammer

The concussion and banging noise that results when a volume of water moving in a pipe suddenly stops or loses momentum.

Water Hammer Arrestor

A device utilized to absorb the pressure surge (water hammer) that occurs when

water flow is suddenly stopped in a water supply system.

rough-in

Installation of all parts of the plumbing system which can be completed prior to the installation of fixtures

Water test & duration

plumbing system test in which pipe openings are sealed and pipe is filled with water to provide a specified amount of pressure to determine tightness of the system. Must be filled with water to a point equal to a 10' head. must remain constant for 15 min

potable water supply test & duration

1.5 times working water pressure or 150 psi whichever is higher. 12hr to 24hr

How do you determine which way a pipe flows?

check branch that connects to it

Which side is hot water on with copper piping?

Left

How do you tell the difference between CPVC and PVC

Color: CPVC is offwhite

RPZ

a type of backflow preventer

How to tell if a water heater is gas?

has a flue pipe on top

Where does an inlet come from?

an inlet comes from the big ipe into meter and outlet goes into buiding

How far must a flue be from an intake

10'

T/F you can penetrate slabs and install piping under a building in a Natural Gas system

False

Testing for NG piping

30 min of constant pressure every 500 cubic feet of pipe

When do you use a welded fitting as opposed to threaded in a NG system

after 2 inches

What materials are allowed above ground in NG?

only Steel

3 roof drain systems

scupper, gutter mounted at low end of roof, internal drain system

Who should you contact first

Ulitity companies, they take forever

how far apart should parallel CW and HW pipes be?

6 inches