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AP psychology
biological determinism
Hereditary
hereditary
“nature”, refers to genetic or predispose characteristics that influence physical, behavioral, and mental traits and processes
hereditary
eye color, hair color, susceptibility to mental illnesses
environmental determinism
environmental
environmental
“nurture”, refers to the external factors that one experiences, such as family interactions or education
environmental
living situation, peer influence, school attended
environmental and biological factors
what affects your behaviors and mental processes is the interactions between:
evolutionary psychology
seeks to understand mental processes and behaviors in terms of their evolutionary origin and adaptive functions that have served humans in history/specific benefits
evolutionary adaptive
a particular trait, behavior, or characteristics that has evolved because it has enhanced an organisms ability to survive, thrive, and reproduce
identical twins
begins as 1 egg that splits
identical twins
same DNA/genetic makeup
fraternal twins
2 eggs produced and fertilized at the same time
fraternal twins
different DNA
peripheral, central
two nervous systems
peripheral nervous system
all nerves from the spine, relay information in and out
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord, the “control room”
autonomic, somatic
types of peripheral nervous systems
autonomic nervous system
involuntary
somatic nervous system
voluntary
parasympathetic, sympathetic
types of autonomic nervous systems
parasympathetic nervous system
body calming down
sympathetic nervous system
stimulates fight or flight
nervous system
a network of nerve cells that coordinates the body’s activities, including how it reacts to the environment
central nervous system
processes information and controls actions
peripheral nervous system
relays signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body
autonomic nervous system
control involuntary functions like heartbeat and digestion
somatic nervous system
controls voluntary movements like walking, talking, and typing
sleep, wakefulness
two types of consciousness
cycadian rhythm
the sleeping-waking cycle in humans
cycadian rhythm
controls things such as hormone release, appetite, digestion
light
primary cue for sleep/wake
jet lag, shift work
what can disrupt cycadian rhythm
EEG scan
looks at brain activity
EEG scan
stages of sleep are measured through a:
NREM
stages 1-3
REM
rapid eye movement
NREM
non rapid eye movement
NREM stage 1
hypnogogic sensations are experienced in:
hypnogogic
things that happen from being awake to asleep
hallucinations, sleep paralysis, lucid dreaming
hypnogogic experiences
lucid dreaming
the ability to direct dreams
REM
period of sleep when your brain is most active in the cycle, while your body is most relaxed
activation synthesis, consolidation
2 theories of dreaming
activation synthesis
the belief that dreams are your brain interpreting random neurological events
consolidation
the idea that you are organizing and interpreting the memories of the day into a long term memory
cognitive activities
your ability to perform ______ is affected by the sleep you get:
insomnia
struggle to go to sleep
narcolepsy
falling asleep easily without wanting to
REM sleep behavior disorder
acting out/vocalizing your dreams
sleep apnea
when you wake up because you stop breathing
somnambulism
sleep walking
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