chem exam 3

kinetic energy

thermal (heat), mechanical, electrical, sound

potential energy

chemical potential, gravitational, electrostatic

what is the law of conservation of energy often known as

first law of thermodynamics

unit for energy

J or cal

1 J = 4.184 cal

is heat intensive or extensive

extensive, depends on amount

is temperature intensive or extensive

intensive, does not depend on amount

is q positive or neagtive for exothermic reactions

negative

is q positive or negative for endothermic reactions

positive

exothermic reactions

system releases heat to surroundings, system gets cooler

endothermic reactions

system absorbs heat from surroundings, system gets warmer

unit for specific heat capacity, C

J/g°C or J/gK

is change in enthaply positive or negative for exothermic reactions

negative

is change in enthalphy positive or negative for endothermic reactions

positive

what kind of system can exchange matter and energy with the surroundings

open system

what kind of system can exchange energy but not matter with the surroundings

closed system

what kind of system cannot exchange energy or matter with the surroundings

isolated system

equation for calorimetry

heat lost = - heat gained

q surroundings = - q system

q metal = - q water

coffee cup calorimeter

constant pressure

bomb calorimeter

constant volume, always exothermic

freezing

liquid to solid, exothermic

condensation

gas to liquid, exothermic

deposition

gas to solid, exothermic

melting

solid to liquid, endothermic

vaporization

liquid to gas, endothermic

sublimation

solid to gas, endothermic

what happens to temperature during a phase change

it stays constant

the heat required to convert a solid to a liquid is called what

heat of fusion

the heat required to convert a liquid to a solid is called what

heat of solidification

the heat required to convert a liquid to a gas is called what

heat of vaporization

the heat required to convert a gas to a liquid is called what

heat of condensation

is w positive or negative when work is done on the system

positive

is w positive or negative when work is done by the system

negative

what side of the reaction does change in enthalpy go on if its exothermic

product side

what side of the reaction does change of enthalpy go on if its endothermic

reactants