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census
selecting everyone from an entire population
simple random sample (SRS)
where every individual has an equal chance of being selected
stratified random sample
divide the population into groups (strata) and randomly select from each group
systematic sample
selecting every ___nth individual
cluster sample
split into groups and randomly choose one group
convenience sample
picking the easiest group (closest)
undercoverage bias
occurs when some members of the population are un-represented
response bias
when some individuals answer untruthfully
non-response bias
when some individuals are unwilling or unable to complete a survey
voluntary response bias
when the survey relies on volunteers
wording bias
when a question is worded in a way that it leads the participant to a certain answer
