B1.2 - Key Words

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11 Terms

1

Active site

Region of enzyme where substrate binds

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2

Chromosome

Strand of DNA containing genes

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3

Denature

Shape of an enzyme is changed so that it can no longer catalyse a reaction

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4

DNA

Biological polymer made from nucleotide monomers. The sequence contains all the information needed to make an organism

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5

DNA base

Nitrogenous base found in DNA - adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine

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6

Enzyme

Biological catalyst - this means it speeds up reactions without being used up

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7

Gene

Section of DNA which codes for a characteristic

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8

Lock and key hypothesis

Model that explains the specificity of enzymes

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9

Nucleotides

Monomer (unit) found in DNA, consisting of an organic base, ribose sugar and a phosphate group

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10

Polymer

Substance made up of many monomers (similar subunits) bonded together

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11

Substrate

Molecules that an enzyme acts upon

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