Earth Science beningninjg of the universe

Cosmology

study of the physical universe

Astronomy

The study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space

Mormon

started from pre-existing or pre-mortal life

Buddhist

Karma

Islamic

Allah created universe

Hindu

Cyclical

Steady State Theory

Fred Hoyle
Universe is always expanding
It had no beginning or end
Cosmic Microwave Background debunked it

Big Bang Theory

Georges Lemaitre
Universe came from a singularity
Hot point

Inflation Theory

Alan Guth
Universe is constantly expanding but has same density

String Theory

the idea that matter behaves differently depending on the vibration of the string-like matter
"theory of everything"

M-Theory

Universe occurred because of 2 hyperdimensional branes
Branes - 2 and 5 dimensional objects which strings can attach to
Superstrings
11 dimensions

Terrestrial planets

Rocky, solid, few moons, and small
mercury venus earth mars

Jovian Planets

Gas giants and ice giants
jupiter saturn uranus neptune

Kuiper belt

home to dwarf planets

Vortex Theory

Rene Descartes
Soral system formed due to whirlpool-like motion

Tidal theory

explains that the solar system formed as a result of a near collision between a passing star and the sun.
planets are formed from a substance that was torn out of the sun.

Encounter hypothesis

Collision of the sun with a giant comet

Nebular hypothesis

the theory that a solar system evolves from a hot gaseous nebula
- a great cloud of gas and dust called nebula collapsed because of gravitational pull

Solar nebular model

widely accepted
composed of 3 stages