Chapter 13: Custody in Prison - Exam 3

What is the safety part of custody and security?

Staff and inmates remain safe from assault, effective inmate classification systems, and control of inmate movement and accountability

What is the security part of custody and security?

Consistently implemented security procedures, control of contraband, and separation of unruly inmates

What is considered effective classification systems?

Separate offenders based on risk of violence and escape

Security level may change for an inmate based on _____ and ____

Behavior; review

The security level determines what for an inmate?

Placement in a prison (Ex: Min, med, max, or supermax)

Description of Minimum Prison Security Levels

• Little/no perimeter fencing

• Dormitory style housing

• Not all doors are secured

• Most work and treatment programming

• Most freedom of movement

Description of Medium Prison Security Levels

• Double fences/barbed wire

• Electronic detection systems

• Cell style housing

• Work and treatment programs

• Higher staff to inmate ratio

Description of Maximum Prison Security Levels

• Walls/reinforced housing/towers

• Multiple and single occupant cells

• Less work and treatment programs

• Even higher staff to inmate ration

• Close control of inmate movement

Description of Supermax Prison Security Levels

• No inmate movement

• Lockdown up to 23 hours per day

• Isolation

What is a part of inmate accountability?

Inmates are assigned to work programs, staff have direct contact with inmates, and there are frequent inmate counts

Movement of inmates is _____ ______ as inmates must have a ______ to move within prison

Highly controlled; pass

What are the three types of prison counts?

Regular, random, and emergency

Regular Scheduled Counts

Occurs regularly throughout prescribed intervals during each shift

Random Counts

Occurs at random times, unannounced

Emergency Counts

Occur when there is a possibility security has been breached

Mass Move Times

Inmates are able to move/travel to and from mass activities such as yard, activities, and chow

Why is there a designated amount of time for mass move times?

To prevent prolonged contact with other inmates, messaging, planning/plotting, and accountability in unauthorized areas

Individual Move Times

Used for inmates attending event at prescribed time such as visiting, counselor appointment, or doctor appointments

What is the procedure if an inmate has to be taken off grounds?

Inmate may not be notified until last minute in order to prevent planning for escape and ambush of transporting officers

Treatment

The creation of an environment and provision of rehabilitative programs that encourage inmates to accept responsibility and to address personal disorders that make success in the community more difficult

Dothard v. Rawlinson

1977 Supreme Court case regarding a woman who was denied a position as a correctional officer in an Alabama male prison

Gunther v. Iowa

1979 case in the U.S. District Court of Iowa in which the court determined that inmate privacy was not a valid reason to refuse to hire women as correctional officers

Contraband

Any item that inmates are not allowed to possess, including items that can assist in an escape, are dangerous, can undermine prison physical security, or are nuisance items

What are Class A tools in contraband?

Things that cap be used as a weapon, aid in escape, or undermine the security of a prison which may only be used under to direct supervision of staff

What are Class B tools in contraband?

Less risky tools that are not likely to be used as a weapon or aid in a escape

What are the four ways to obtain contraband?

Hidden in mail or packages, inmate visitors may bring them in, gaining possession of an item that is available in the prison but shouldn’t be used without staff supervision, and staff members providing items to inmates

Shadow Board

A light-colored background with the outline of the tool painted on it, allowing for a missing tool or knife to be quickly noticed

Chi Chi

A prison recipe known as jail soup that usually involves whatever commissary food fits best (usually contains ramen noodles, meat snacks, chips, and seasonings

RHU/SHU

A temporary housing assignment for inmates who present a danger to the security of the prison, need protection from other inmates, or are being punished for violating prison rules

Administrative Detention (AD)

A nonpunitive confinement in SHU used to house inmates whose continued presence in the general population may pose a serious threat to the security of orderly running of the prison

Disciplinary Segregation (DS)

A punitive assignment in SHU after a finding of guilt for a serious prison rule violation for a set amount of time establish by the authorized hearing official

How can a person end up in AD or DS?

If they are charged with violating a serious rule in the prison, and allowing them to remain in the prison general population could undermine security or for their own safety

Precipitating Event

The “spark in the haystack” that sets off an inmate riot; usually must be preceded by the right environmental factors before a precipitating even creates the beginning of a prison riot

Hostage Negotiation Teams

A team of eight to ten prison employees with excellent communication skills and ability to perform under stress with the principal role to open lines of communication between staff and hostage takers

Disturbance Control Team/Corrections Emergency Response Team

An emergency team with the primary mission of controlling inmates during riot situations by using defensive tactics and equipment to move, isolate, and get them to give up and stop the disturbance

Cell Extraction Teams

Teams of 5 remove an inmate from a cell if they are unruly or refusing orders to leave the cell for court of placement in an RHU/SHU

Special Emergency Response Team

An emergency team trained in the use of lethal force when all else fails to resolve an emergency situation

Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin

Rehabilitation

The action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness

Therapeutic Communities

Structured group therapy environments that focus on treating long-term mental illness, disorder, or addiction

Parole Violator Centers

An effort that uses evidence-based strategy to manage individuals who have committed non-violent, technical parole violations

Educational/Vocational Programs

Provides inmates with academic, vocational, and life skills training that aim to reduce recidivism, improve rehabilitation, and support reentry into society

Crime Control Act of 1990

Impacted juvenile crime control policies and included provisions related to federal debt collection, prosecution of financial institutions fraud, and protection for children from child abuse and child pornography