Introduction

Species represent different kinds of plants, animals, or organisms, with the variety known as biodiversity. Nomenclature standardizes organism naming for universal identification. Identification describes and names organisms, guided by the International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) for plants and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) for animals. Scientific names consist of two parts: the genus and specific epithet, a system known as binomial nomenclature established by Carolus Linnaeus. For example, Mangifera indica Linn (Mango); Mangifera is the genus, and indica is the specific epithet.
The scientific name for categories is called taxa, it can mean many similar things, so the process of organisms classified to different taxa’s is called taxonomy. Characterization, identification, classification and nomenclature are processes basic to taxonomy. The branch of study to know more about organisms and diversities is called systematics.

UNIVERSAL RULES OF NOMENCLATURE-
◊-Biological name is generally in Latin and written in italics.
◊-The first word in a biological name is the genus and the second word is specific epithet.
◊-Both words, handwritten is separately underlined or printed in italics to show Latin origin.
◊- The genus starts with a capital letter and specific epithet starts with small letter.

Taxonomic Categories

It depicts the rank or level in the hierarchical arrangement in ascending order. The seven mandatory categories as listed below:

Kingdom > Division > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species

◊-Species-being able to understand a organism by certain features. The genus also know as genera will represent another higher level of taxon, the genus represents a group.
◊-Genus-it is a group of similar species with characters in common to species in other genera.
◊-Family-it has a group of related genera with less similarities compared to genus and species.
◊-Order-it is an assemblage of families which show less similar characters.
◊-Class-it is many order together like class Mammalia which includes all mammals.
◊-Phylum/Division-it is based on the presence of common features like notochord etc. for plants its called division.
◊-Kingdom-there are two kingdoms Kingdom Animalia and Kingdom Plantae.