Chapter 1-8 Review: Introduction, Know The Lingo, Cranial Nerves, Embryology, Exam Info

A practical set of Q&A flashcards covering lectures on course logistics, anatomy basics, embryology, cranial nerves, brain organization, and exam strategies.

When does Exam One open and what is its point value?

Exam One opens after class today. It is a unit exam worth 30 points (10% of the final grade).

What is the purpose of the Respiratory Portfolio's top box versus bottom box?

Top box covers non-muscle structures (bones, cartilage, connective tissues) and their function/importance; Bottom box covers muscles and their actions.

What are the three germ layers and their general derivatives?

Ectoderm (skin, teeth, nails, hair, nervous system); Endoderm (lining of internal organs); Mesoderm (muscles and other tissues).

Regarding palate development, when is it unfused and when is it fused?

Palate is unfused by week 5 and should be fused by week 7; failure can lead to cleft lip/palate.

When does the embryo become a fetus?

Week 8.

What are the three primary brain vesicles in early development (prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon)?

Prosencephalon (forebrain), Mesencephalon (midbrain), Rhombencephalon (hindbrain).

What are the two major forebrain subdivisions and their components?

Telencephalon (cerebral cortex and basal ganglia) and Diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus).

Which lobes make up the cerebral cortex and where are they located?

Frontal (anterior), Parietal (superior/posterior to the central sulcus), Temporal (lateral), Occipital (posterior).

What are the key sulci and fissures that demarcate lobes?

Central sulcus (frontal-parietal boundary) and Lateral fissure (Sylvian fissure; separates frontal/parietal from temporal); an imaginary parieto-occipital line marks the occipital boundary.

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Adjusting and refining movements; dysfunction can manifest as motor symptoms.

What is the major relay center in the diencephalon?

Thalamus (part of the diencephalon).

Which cranial nerve primarily moves the mandible and provides facial sensation?

Trigeminal nerve (Cranial Nerve V).

Which cranial nerve is mainly responsible for tongue movements?

Hypoglossal nerve (Cranial Nerve XII).

What mnemonic strategy is recommended for cranial nerves?

Use mnemonics to memorize order and function; perform a brain dump of cranial nerve mnemonics at the start of the exam; decode names to infer function.

What is Proctorio and what does it monitor during exams?

Proctorio is a monitoring software that tracks eye gaze, screen activity, and audio; a human reviews flagged events.

What should you do if you experience a tech glitch during an exam?

Email the instructor promptly; life happens; the instructor will adjust time; exams can be completed within a three-day window.

What is the exam’s time allotment and question count?

30 questions; approximately one hour and fifteen minutes to complete.

What is the purpose of the blank notes space on the exam?

A zero-point space for brain dump and to note the start time; the instructor does not review it.

Which landmarks identify the boundaries of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes?

Frontal lobe anterior; Parietal lobe superior/posterior to central sulcus; Temporal lobe lateral; Occipital lobe posterior; boundaries marked by central sulcus, lateral fissure and an imaginary parieto-occipital line.

What structure is inferior and posterior to the cerebral cortex in a sagittal brain view?

The cerebellum.

What are the metencephalon and myelencephalon in brain development?

Metencephalon includes the pons and cerebellum; Myelencephalon includes the medulla.

What is the innervation level stated for the diaphragm in these notes?

Spinal nerves C1 through C3.

Why is embryology taught in this course relevant to speech-language pathology?

Helps explain congenital conditions like cleft lip/palate and informs understanding of developmental timing and potential interventions.

What are two recommended study strategies mentioned for exam success?

Use pictures/visuals and mnemonics; consider AI tools critically; allocate regular study time and seek clarification from the instructor as needed.