3.9: gender equality and economic development (includes case study)
global “Paramount Moral Challenges” over time
not that this is a heavily simplified model and not all issues are included
- first colonization-1800’s: slavery
- 1900’s: totalitarianism
- 2000’s: women’s issues
- eg. [mass] rape, sex trafficking, acid attacks, bridge burning, female genital mutilation
poverty and gender inequality
- gender inequality is heavily correlated with poverty and periods of economic/political instability
- educating women and girls can help combat this
- “women and girls aren’t the problem, but the solution”
case study: The Women’s Crusade
- Saima had to live with an unemployed, abusive husband
- little food, inadequate shelter, debt, regular physical abuse based on gender (husband’s abuse of wife and daughters)
- her husband began to search for another wife, so Saima signed with the Kashf Foundation to begin her own small business
- Kashf is a microfinance institution that groups 25 women to repay debts
- generally, women can’t leave the house without approval from their husbands, but many husbands are fine with it if their wives bring home money
- Saima used her $65 grant to start an embroidery business, making her the sole breadwinner of her household
- she met increasing demand by employing 30+ neighbors as well as her husband; she was able to:
- pay off her husband’s debt
- keep her daughters in school
- renovate her house and install running water
- buy a television
- buy jewelry
- now, Saima’s husband does what she asks of him and accepts that all three of his children are daughters
- Saima plans to educate all three through high school and possible college, and can now fund tuition expenses
- neither she nor her husband/mother-in-law would dream of having her husband take another wife now
- women’s rights has largely been considered a tertiary or low-priority issue, but this goes to show how impactful and beneficial empowering women can be
- a bride burning occurs every two hours in India but does not receive news coverage
- 100,000 girls have been kidnapped and trafficked recently (as of 2020), no news coverage
- 100 million women are currently mission and there’s a 107:100 male:female gender ratio in China, 108:100 in India, no news coverage
- girls often “vanish” because
- less access to healthcare than men (less likely to be vaccinated, ailments dismissed and not taken to the hospital for treatment)
- 1-5 year old girls are 50% more likely to die than 1-5 year old boys in India
- girls face much higher rates of abuse than do boys
- there are currently more women missing due to gender-based crimes and suspicion than men who died in wars in the 1900s (including both World Wars)
- many women are forced into sexual slavery and prostitution
- educating women can be more economically beneficial than any export or factor of production
- education for women → employment → larger workforce → higher production of goods and services → better economy