Carpentry Study Guide Questions

Chapters 1, 2, 9, 10, 84 and 85

A coniferous tree is

Cone-bearing, classified as softwood, commonly known as evergreen

A softwood used for siding is

Spruce

A type of hardwood used for tool handles is

Hickory

A wood that is both aromatic and moth repelling is

Oak

A wood used for exterior trim and siding is

Redwood

Soft wood comes from

cone-bearing trees

The best way to learn the different kinds of wood is by

working with them

The distinct rings formed by the growth of a tree are called

Annular rings

The part of a log that is usually lighter in color is

sapwood

Tree growth takes place in the

Cambium Layer

Two types of hardwood used for floors are

oak and maple

With proper care, wood will last

Indefinitely

Wood is made up of many hollow cells help together by a natural substance called

lignin

Woods that resist decay are

redwood, cedar, cypress and teak

A board foot is a measure of lumber

volume

A board is considered to be

under two inches in thickness

A cross-section of branches in the trunk of a tree creates

knots

A fault in lumber that detracts from its appearance, function or strength is called

A defect

A ___ is bark on the edge of lumber or surface from which the bark has fallen

Wane

A nominal 2” x 4” is actually

1 1/2” x 3 1/2”

As wood dries, it

shrinks

Beams and stringers are types of

timbers

Checks(a crack in wood that runs parallel to the grain of the wood) can be prevented to a degree by

Sealing the ends of lumber with paint or wax

Cracks that run parallel to and between the annular rings are called ___ and may be caused by weather or other damage to the tree

shakes

Crooks, bows, cups and twists are all types of

warps

Decay is caused by

fungi

For interior trim and cabinet work, lumber should be ___ moisture content

8-10 percent

From best to worst, hardwood is graded in this order

FAS, select, no. 1 common

Green lumber contains large amounts of

water

Green lumber is always

heavier than dry lumber

---

____ is the process of restacking the lumber on small cross-sticks top allow air to circulate between the pieces

stickering

Lumber is straightened, smoothes and uniformly sized at

a planer mill

Lumber stored at a job site should be

covered, but with an air space at the top and bottom for air circulation

Lumber that is surfaced on four sides is called

S4S lumber

Lumber three inches thick would be considered

dimensional lumber

Lumber used for framing preferably should have a moisture content of

15 percent

Quarter-sawed lumber is also known as

edge-grain lumber

Splits at the end of lumber running lengthwise and across the annular rings are called

Checks

The air-seasoning process of lumber may take

6 months to two years

The ___ is the spongy center of the tree

pith

The largest softwood association of lumber manufacturers is the

Western Wood Products Association (WWPA)

The method of cutting logs into lumber in which the annular rings are almost at right angles to the wide surface is called

quarter-sawing

The moisture content of lumber is determined by the use of a

moisture meter

The recommended moisture content for lumber used for exterior finish at the time of installation is ___, except in very dry climates

15 percent (im pretty sure its actually 12 the book says, but the correct answer would be 15 on the test)

The water in the cell cavities is the first to be removed and is called

free water

To find board feet we use the formula:

number of pieces x thickness(inches) x width (inches) x length (feet) divided by 12

When we speak of the amount of water in lumber, the initials MC stand for

moisture content

When wood dries to the moisture content of the surrounding air, the lumber has reached its

seasoned point

Wood reaches its fiber-saturation point at approximately ___ moisture content

30 percent

A bolt with a square section under its oval headad is a ___ bolt

carriage

A large screw with a square or hex head designed to be turned with a wrench is a ___ screw

lag

A machine bolt is

held with a wrench while the nut is tightened

small finishing nails are

Brads

Stove bolts are ___ in comparison to other bolts

small

A screw head that has a crossed slot is called a

Phillips head

A screw that has a bugle shaped head is a

drywall screw

A U-shaped fastener used to secure a variety of materials is a

staple

Bolt sizes are specified by their

diameter and length

commonly used bolts are

carriage bolts, machine bolts and stove bolts

Many carpenters prefer to use casing nails to fasten

exterior finish

The abbreviation for the penny system is

d

The blunt point on the end of cut nails helps

prevent splitting the wood

The diameter of a nail is called its

gauge

The head of a finish nail is sunk into the wood with

a nail set

The reaction between two different kinds of metal and moisture is called

electrolysis

To allow a screw to turn more easily,

apply a little wax to the threads of the screw

To avoid dark stains around fasteners in certain woods exposed to the weather,

use stainless steel fasteners

To prevent nails from rusting, they are coated with

zinc

When using a self-tapping screw

it is not necessary to predrill a hole, use a power screwdriver and make sure the drilling process is complete before the threading process begins (all of the above)

A deep-threaded anchor used in gypsum board is a

conical screw

An adhesive used to eliminate squaks on stairs is

construction adhesive

what consists of an expandable sleeve, a machine screw and a fiber washer

hollow-wall expansion anchors

lead and plastic anchors are sometimes called

inserts

Post and column caps are types of

connectors

Ribs on the sides of plastic anchors keep them from

turning as the screw is driven in

The anchor that has wings with springs is a ___ bolt

wing toggle

A chemical used to bond anchors in solid masonry is

epoxy resin compound

The ___ consists of four legs attached to a body that has a hole through the center and fins on its side to prevent turning during installation

plastic toggle

The hammer drive anchor, aluminum drive anchor and nylon nail anchor are types of ___ anchors

light-duty

The term “connector” refers to a

metal device used to fasten wood to wood or masonry

The term ___ is used for polyvinyl acetate

white glue

The three classification of solid wall anchors are

heavy, medium and light-duty

The ___ utilizes specially fashioned high and low threads that cut into a properly sized hole in concrete

concrete screw

When a moisture-resistant exterior glue is required, use

urethane glue

Standard wall cabinets are ___ deep

12 inches

The two basic kinds of kitchen cabinets are the

wall and base unit

The height of the countertop from the floor is usually

36 inches

The distance between the countertop and the wall unit it

18 inches

The standard heigh of a base cabinet is

34 ½ inches

The recess at the bottom of a base cabinet is called

toe space or Toe Kick

A cabinet accessory that fills small gaps is called a

filler piece

The order of cabinet installation is usually

all the wall units first and all the base units second

A classification of a hinged cabinet door is

lipped, flush and overlay (all of the above)

The type of door that uses the face frame as a door stop is an ___ door

overlay

The ___ door has rabbeted edges that overlap the opening by about 3/8 inch on all sides

lipped

The type of door that requires a separate door stop to be installed on the cabinet is a ___ door

flush type

The type of door with a framework and a panel insert is a

paneled door

Surface, offset, overlay, pivot and butt are types of

hinges

The type of cabinet hinge that holds the door closed is

self-closing

A self centering tool used to drill pilot holes for cabinet door inges is called a

VIX bit