Studied by 27 people
Chapters 1, 2, 9, 10, 84 and 85
A coniferous tree is
Cone-bearing, classified as softwood, commonly known as evergreen
A softwood used for siding is
Spruce
A type of hardwood used for tool handles is
Hickory
A wood that is both aromatic and moth repelling is
Oak
A wood used for exterior trim and siding is
Redwood
Soft wood comes from
cone-bearing trees
The best way to learn the different kinds of wood is by
working with them
The distinct rings formed by the growth of a tree are called
Annular rings
The part of a log that is usually lighter in color is
sapwood
Tree growth takes place in the
Cambium Layer
Two types of hardwood used for floors are
oak and maple
With proper care, wood will last
Indefinitely
Wood is made up of many hollow cells help together by a natural substance called
lignin
Woods that resist decay are
redwood, cedar, cypress and teak
A board foot is a measure of lumber
volume
A board is considered to be
under two inches in thickness
A cross-section of branches in the trunk of a tree creates
knots
A fault in lumber that detracts from its appearance, function or strength is called
A defect
A ___ is bark on the edge of lumber or surface from which the bark has fallen
Wane
A nominal 2” x 4” is actually
1 1/2” x 3 1/2”
As wood dries, it
shrinks
Beams and stringers are types of
timbers
Checks(a crack in wood that runs parallel to the grain of the wood) can be prevented to a degree by
Sealing the ends of lumber with paint or wax
Cracks that run parallel to and between the annular rings are called ___ and may be caused by weather or other damage to the tree
shakes
Crooks, bows, cups and twists are all types of
warps
Decay is caused by
fungi
For interior trim and cabinet work, lumber should be ___ moisture content
8-10 percent
From best to worst, hardwood is graded in this order
FAS, select, no. 1 common
Green lumber contains large amounts of
water
Green lumber is always
heavier than dry lumber
____ is the process of restacking the lumber on small cross-sticks top allow air to circulate between the pieces
stickering
Lumber is straightened, smoothes and uniformly sized at
a planer mill
Lumber stored at a job site should be
covered, but with an air space at the top and bottom for air circulation
Lumber that is surfaced on four sides is called
S4S lumber
Lumber three inches thick would be considered
dimensional lumber
Lumber used for framing preferably should have a moisture content of
15 percent
Quarter-sawed lumber is also known as
edge-grain lumber
Splits at the end of lumber running lengthwise and across the annular rings are called
Checks
The air-seasoning process of lumber may take
6 months to two years
The ___ is the spongy center of the tree
pith
The largest softwood association of lumber manufacturers is the
Western Wood Products Association (WWPA)
The method of cutting logs into lumber in which the annular rings are almost at right angles to the wide surface is called
quarter-sawing
The moisture content of lumber is determined by the use of a
moisture meter
The recommended moisture content for lumber used for exterior finish at the time of installation is ___, except in very dry climates
15 percent (im pretty sure its actually 12 the book says, but the correct answer would be 15 on the test)
The water in the cell cavities is the first to be removed and is called
free water
To find board feet we use the formula:
number of pieces x thickness(inches) x width (inches) x length (feet) divided by 12
When we speak of the amount of water in lumber, the initials MC stand for
moisture content
When wood dries to the moisture content of the surrounding air, the lumber has reached its
seasoned point
Wood reaches its fiber-saturation point at approximately ___ moisture content
30 percent
A bolt with a square section under its oval headad is a ___ bolt
carriage
A large screw with a square or hex head designed to be turned with a wrench is a ___ screw
lag
A machine bolt is
held with a wrench while the nut is tightened
small finishing nails are
Brads
Stove bolts are ___ in comparison to other bolts
small
A screw head that has a crossed slot is called a
Phillips head
A screw that has a bugle shaped head is a
drywall screw
A U-shaped fastener used to secure a variety of materials is a
staple
Bolt sizes are specified by their
diameter and length
commonly used bolts are
carriage bolts, machine bolts and stove bolts
Many carpenters prefer to use casing nails to fasten
exterior finish
The abbreviation for the penny system is
d
The blunt point on the end of cut nails helps
prevent splitting the wood
The diameter of a nail is called its
gauge
The head of a finish nail is sunk into the wood with
a nail set
The reaction between two different kinds of metal and moisture is called
electrolysis
To allow a screw to turn more easily,
apply a little wax to the threads of the screw
To avoid dark stains around fasteners in certain woods exposed to the weather,
use stainless steel fasteners
To prevent nails from rusting, they are coated with
zinc
When using a self-tapping screw
it is not necessary to predrill a hole, use a power screwdriver and make sure the drilling process is complete before the threading process begins (all of the above)
A deep-threaded anchor used in gypsum board is a
conical screw
An adhesive used to eliminate squaks on stairs is
construction adhesive
what consists of an expandable sleeve, a machine screw and a fiber washer
hollow-wall expansion anchors
lead and plastic anchors are sometimes called
inserts
Post and column caps are types of
connectors
Ribs on the sides of plastic anchors keep them from
turning as the screw is driven in
The anchor that has wings with springs is a ___ bolt
wing toggle
A chemical used to bond anchors in solid masonry is
epoxy resin compound
The ___ consists of four legs attached to a body that has a hole through the center and fins on its side to prevent turning during installation
plastic toggle
The hammer drive anchor, aluminum drive anchor and nylon nail anchor are types of ___ anchors
light-duty
The term “connector” refers to a
metal device used to fasten wood to wood or masonry
The term ___ is used for polyvinyl acetate
white glue
The three classification of solid wall anchors are
heavy, medium and light-duty
The ___ utilizes specially fashioned high and low threads that cut into a properly sized hole in concrete
concrete screw
When a moisture-resistant exterior glue is required, use
urethane glue
Standard wall cabinets are ___ deep
12 inches
The two basic kinds of kitchen cabinets are the
wall and base unit
The height of the countertop from the floor is usually
36 inches
The distance between the countertop and the wall unit it
18 inches
The standard heigh of a base cabinet is
34 ½ inches
The recess at the bottom of a base cabinet is called
toe space or Toe Kick
A cabinet accessory that fills small gaps is called a
filler piece
The order of cabinet installation is usually
all the wall units first and all the base units second
A classification of a hinged cabinet door is
lipped, flush and overlay (all of the above)
The type of door that uses the face frame as a door stop is an ___ door
overlay
The ___ door has rabbeted edges that overlap the opening by about 3/8 inch on all sides
lipped
The type of door that requires a separate door stop to be installed on the cabinet is a ___ door
flush type
The type of door with a framework and a panel insert is a
paneled door
Surface, offset, overlay, pivot and butt are types of
hinges
The type of cabinet hinge that holds the door closed is
self-closing
A self centering tool used to drill pilot holes for cabinet door inges is called a
VIX bit
Note 
Flashcard (37)