Fundamentals of Psychology | Psychology

The basics to understanding psychology.

Psychology

The science of behaviour.

Considered a science subject due to the fact different research methods are used to conduct experiments.

Behaviours

Composed of cognitive processes:
1. Memory
2. Attention
3. Problem Solving
4. Thinking/Reasoning
5. Decision Making

Cognitive

A function of the mind which processes information.

Approaches to Behaviour

• Biological Approach

• Cognitive Approach

• Sociocultural Approach

Biological Approach

1. Genetics

   EX: Risk Genes

2. Neurotransmitter

   EX: Serotonin

3. Hormones

   EX: Cortisol/Stress

4. Brain Structures

   EX: Hippocampus - It becomes smaller as more cortisol is released, depressive people are then more prone to becoming forgetful.

Cognitive Approach

1. Memory

2. Thinking

3. Decision-Making

Sociocultural Approach

1. Role of Environment

   EX: Stressful Life-Events

2. Culture

Theory and Empirical Study

Psychologists’ works are mad possible through the scientific buildings block which are empirical studies and theories.

Theory

An explanation for psychological phenomenon.

Testable

Is the theory possible to be tested?

Empirical Evidence

Studies to support a theory.

Application

Can the theory be applicated in practical ways and for many different behaviours?

Concepts

A well defined/operationalized theory where researchers agree on the definitions.

Unbiased

Theory should not be biased to or against a certain group of people.

Predict Behaviour

Theory predicts trends within a population.

Empirical Study

Research that is supported by concrete evidence.

Study Outline

[Name of Researcher(s)] [Year of Publication]

1. Aim

2. Procedure

3. Results

4. Findings