Addition rxn to Alkenes- orgo 1

Hydrohalogenation 

Halogen goes to more substituted carbon of alkene. BE CAREFUL OF CARBOCATION REARRANGEMENT 

alkene reacts with HX (X= F, Cl, Br, I)

hydrohalogenation rxn where halogen goes to more substituted carbon, forming a carbocation. (watch out for rearrangement)

Halogenation

a halogen goes on each carbon of the alkene

An alkene reacts with X₂ (X=Cl, Br)

Halogenation rxn where the 2 halogens go on each carbon of the alkene

Hydration 

Weak base (alcohol or water) adds to most substituted carbon of the alkene BE CAREFUL OF CARBOCATION REARRANGEMENT 

An alkene reacts with H⁺ and ROH (R= alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, H)

Hydration rxn where alcohol or water is added to most substituted carbon of alkene BE CAREFUL OF CARBOCATION REARRANGEMENT 

Hydroboration/Oxidation 

OH is added to less substituted carbon of alkene through a two-step process involving BH₃,THF and H₂O₂, NaOH, OH^-.

An alkene reacts in a 2 step rxn with step 1) BH₃, THF and step 2) H₂O₂, NaOH, OH^-

Hydroboration/Oxidation rxn where alcohol is added to the less substituted carbon of the alkene.

Oxymercuration/Demercuration

OH is added to the more substituted carbon of the alkene (like hydration, but with no possibility of rearrangement)

an alkene reacts in a 2 step rxn with step 1)Hg(OAc)₂, H₂O and step 2) NaBH4, NaOH, H2O 

Oxymercuration/Demercuration rxn where OH is added to more substituted carbon of alkene

Radical Hydrohalogenation

Halogen adds to less substituted carbon of alkene through 3 step radical mechanism 

an alkene reacts with HX, ROOR (X=Cl, Br)

Radical Hydrohalogenation rxn with 3 step mechanism where Halogen adds to less ubstituted carbon of alkene

Radical Polymerization 

Alkene becomes repeating unit of polymer. (Only two carbons will be in the parentheses and whatever groups are bound to the alkene).

an alkene reacts with only ROOR

Radical Polymerization rxn where alkene becomes repeating unit of polymer 

Radical Halogenation of Alkanes

Halogen goes on most substituted carbon of alkane through 3 step radical mechanism

An alkane reacts with Br2 and heat or light

Radical Halogenation of alkanes rxn halogen goes on must substituted carbon via a three-step radical mechanism.