European Law

Sputnik/ Russia Today

sanction contre freedom of speech, CJUE pour national sovereignty + reversible

General Data Protection regulation 2016

framework pour data privacy/protection

Digital Market Acts 2022

measures which regulates gatekeepers

AI Act 2024

prohibits certain AI

Wightman Case 2018

est ce qu’on peut revenir après avoir utilisé art 50 ? oui si non définitif car états souverains

Préfet du Gers 2022

On perd nationalité avec Brexit

16 Feb 2022

values of EU as a common legal order

Portuguese Judges, 2018

reduce salaries, national courts must be independant et sont sous CJUE autorité

Min Justice / LM 2018

pas obligation extrader si risque que les droits soient denied

POLOGNE judgments

backsliding, judges privacy, si retraite mais approval du min justice pouvait continuer

Pologne sur art 2

Dit que contraire à art 1/4/19 de sa constitution et que EU acted beyond its powers

16 feb 2022

EU a une identité constitutionnelle + art 2 peut être directement invoqué

Strawberries Case, 1997

france qui n’agit pas contre agriculteurs : FR doit ensure free movmt of goods et can not use public disorder as an excuse not applying

Undersized Fish Case, 2005/// Commission V/Hungary 2024

FR failed applying EU law : could use illegal nets so 58 million/ months /// restricted access to asylum protection : 100 million/day

Google/ Apple

Antitrust violations in Android/ Illegal tax benefits in ireland

Digital Rights Ireland , 2014

Data retention directive 2006 incompatible with fundamental rights (violation of privacy)

Foto Frost Case, 1987

if national courts has serious doubts must refer to CJUE

Van Geed en Los, 1963

direct effect of EU Law (import from Netherlands to Dutch but dutch had a custom duty so said violated Eu Law : individual can rely on EU law)

Costa C/Enel, 1964

primacy over national law ( Italy refuse de payer electricité dit violate EU Law)

Defrenne C/ Sabena, 1976

hostess forced to retire act 40 + Lower paid : equal pay has direct effect (not just government)

Francovitch 1991

if state fails to implement directive properly peut dommage

Vanduyn 1974

directive can have direct effect if conditions

CJUE brasserie du Pêcheur, 1996

expanded state liability

Internationale Handelsgesellschaft, 1970

supremacy EU law over national Law : fundamental rights protected at EU level

because international traditions ( In Nold 1974)

et international human Rights ( Rutili 1974

Test achats, 2011

invalidated a provision allowing insurance based on gender

Google Spain 2014

Right to be forgotten sur les medias

Portuguese Rail Cases, 1990

Voulait ramener ses employés pour travailler mais refuse car disait qu’employés avaient besoin de permis séparés: free mouvement of services as employées are part of Company

Walts Case, 2006

voulait surgery en France à cause retard : free movement of services applies to healthcare

Freedom of establishment and notaries, 2011

Pas de restriction des notaires car par une fonction gouvernementale

Commission V/ Italy, 1968

Goods : valuable/tradable

Portugal v Commission 1996

if product is illegal under EU law won’t protect it

Catalonia Supermarkets Case, 2011

restricted establishment of large retails : but disproportionate to foreign operators so obstacle to free establishment

Cassis Dijon, 1979

pas droit à limitation si autorisé dans EU

Omega Human Dignity v Services 2004

laser tag simulating killing banned here is justified on constitution so accepted

Schmidberger Protest V Free Movement of Goods, 2003

a autorisé écolo de bloquer routes pendant 30 h : autorisé car freedom of expression mais can be outweighed by economic freedom if proportionate

Josemans Case, 2010

interdiction tourist dans cafés donc cannabis mais ici interdiction cannabis est justifié par public nuisances and criminalité

Rottmans Case, 2010

a perdu nationalité autrichienne/ allmd : si nationalité est décision nationale are subject to EU review

Coman, 2018

romain se marie en Belgique : Roumanie doit reconnaître leur mariage car sont spouse

VMA, 2021

Bulgares ont eu gosses en VMA en Angleterre : obligation reconnaitre

Jambrano, 2011

pas droit retourner Columbia car sont parents de EU citizens

Grzelczyk, 2021

social assistance can’t be denied automatically unless a person is an unreasonable burden

Dano, 2011

citizens economically inactive must have sufficient ressources to reside in another state and demand social assistance