MSK Practical Memorization

Inspection of temporamandibular joint bilaterally

symetry, swelling, erythema

Palpate: muscles of __________ and TMJ bilater w mouth OPEN AND CLOSED

swelling, warmth, tenderness, crepitus, crunching

Assess full ROM of jaw including …..

opening, closing, protrusion and retraction, laterotrusion 

Inspect enitre upper extremeties (BILATERALLY) for 

color change, skin alteration, unusual bony contours (INSEPCTING NATURAL MOTION OF FLUIDITY OF MOVEMENT)

insect shoulder and shoulder girdle for (ant and post)

swelling, deformity, atrophy, fasciulations, abnormal positioning 

inspect joint capsule

swelling in region of subacrimal bursa

palpate the sternoclavicular (6) joint, acromion, coracoid process, greater tubercle of humerus, biceps tendon, bondy spine of  scapula   for …..

tenderness, crepitus, nodules, bony abnormalities 

Asses full ACTIVE + PASSIVE (NEED BOTH) ROM bilatery for (shoulder)

flexion/extension

abduction/adduction

int rotation/ext rotation

inspect medial and lateral epicondyles and olecranon for …..

nodules and sweeling

what elbow landmarks are palpating (8)

proximal radius,

prximal ulna,

olecranon,

medial epicondyle

lateral epicondyle,

grooves between the epicondyles

olecranon process

ulnar nerve

What are you palpating elbow landmarks for 

warmth

tenderness

displacement of olecranon process

crepitus

deformities

nodules

swelling

Asses ROM of elbow ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

flexion/extension

supination/pronation

inspect wrist and hands look at PALMAR AND DORSAL surface hand wrist and fingers for ……

trauma, deofrimities, angulation, thickening of the flexor tendons, contractures, thenar and hypothenar eminences

palapte what structes in hand and wrists

distal radius (styloid process)

ulna (ulnar styloid)

groove of wrist joints

carpal bones

antamocal snuff box

metacarpals

proximal, middle, distla phalanges 

palpating wrist and hands for

swellling

bogginess

tendernss

nodules

laxity of carpals 

Full ROM of wrist ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

fleion/extension

radial/ulnar DEVIATION

FULl ROM of fingers ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

flexion/extension

abduction/adduction

opposition 

inspect spine for …

ease of gait and generally smooth, cooridnated movement

Inspect SPINE: expose from base of skull to SI joints and inspect laterally and posteriolly for…

anatomical landamrsk,

curvature of spine,

unequal shoulder or iliac crest heights,

listing of trunk to one side

palpate spine (spinous processes and sacroiliac joint) (WHERE SPINOUS PROCESSES) ALL LEVELS OF SPINE (CTLS) for…

allignment, curvature of spine, tenderness, step offs

ROM of cervical spine (ACTIVE ONLY)

flexion/ extension

rotation (R and L)

lateral bending (R and L)

ROM of thoracholumbar spine (ACTIVE)

flexion/extension

rotation

lateral bending

inspect enire lower extreeiity 

color change, skin alteration, unusual bony contours (INSEPCTING NATURAL MOTION OF FLUIDITY OF MOVEMENT)

inspect hips

obvious deformity, deforimity, atrophy, brusing (dont need to expose)

Palapte specfic areas of the hip»»?

iliac crest

iliac tubericle

anterior superior iliac spine

posterior superior iliac spine

ischial tuberosity

greater trochanter

proximal femur

what are you palpting hip for

tenderness

crepitus

noduels

bony abnormalities

Full ACTIVE AND PASSIVE ROM of hip 

flexion/extension

abudtion/adduction

internal/external rotatio

inspect the knees for 

hallows aorund patella

changes in skin 

palpate what landmarks on knee

medial epicondyle

lateral epicondyle

patella

medial and lateral plataues

medial and lateal joint comaprtments (mensici and MCL/LCL)

Tibial tubercle

Quadriceps tendon

patellar tendon

pes anserine bursa 

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE ROM OF KNEE

flexion and extension

inscept ankle and feet for (take shoes off)

deroformities

nodules

swelling

calluses

corns

palpate parts of the foot and ankle

medial malleoi

lateral malleoi

MTP joints

calcaneus

plantar fascia

achiless tendon

lateral ankle ligaments (ant talofib, calcunofivular, posterior talofibular)

medial ankle ligament (DELTOID)

what are you palaptiing foot and ankle for…

tenderness, crepitus, nodules, bony deformity

Active and Passive ROM of anlel/foot  (BILATERALLY)

plantar and dorsiflexio

inversion and eversion 

crossed body adduction test

pain at AC joint (compression)

Painful arc test 

checking for PAIN at 60-120 degree abduction——→ impingment / tendinitis

Neer sign

elbow straight , stabilize scapula and FLEXION

postivie sign is pain a shoulder ——> SUBACROMIAL IMPINGEMENT OF THE ROTATOR CUFF

Hawkins Test

sling position,flex shoulder to 90, pull wrist down, while stabilizing elbow

pain @ shoulder ——→ subacromial imiginment of rotator cuff

External rotation lag

shooting a gun postiion, external rotate, w resistance move in a bit, and see if mainainted when let go

ubable to maintain external rotation——> supraspinatus, infraspinatus patho

Internal rotation lag exam

same but behind the back, move away from back

Unable to mainable internal rotation, SUBSCAPULARIS patho

Speeds test 

biceps extenteded, shoulder 90 degree flexion, push downwardthey resist

pain/weakness= biceps tendinopathy

Drop arm test

abduct arm to 90 and tell pateint you will let go, keep hands under

pain, weakness, arm drops——→ supraspinatus RCT or bicepetial tendonitis

External resistance test

fake balloon in hand exam

pain/weakness—→ INFRAPINATUS pathology

Empty can test

empty the can AND PUSH DOWN

pain/weakness——→ supraspinatus, RCT, tendinitis

Lift off exam

same postion as internal rotation but now impushing towrad patient (toward the back)

if hand doesnt resist and falls back__——→ subscapularis pathology

Cozen test

bicep flexed, wrist in extension, pt tries to keep wrist in exteion

pain in lateral epicondyl——→ lateral epicondylitis

Hand grip streingth test

weakness —→ pathologes of flexors/intrinsics

Finklestein test 

grip thumb and push down

pain—→ tensosynovitis (APL, EPB), 

Tinel sign

would feel pain——> carpal tunnel/ median nerve compression

Phalen sign

hand dorsal side on each other

pain—→ carpal tunnel / median nerve compressiom

Spurling Test

rotate head and look up, then push down, hold down opposite shoulder

neck pain, ipsiliateal arm pain/radicular pain——> cervical nerve root compression

Staraigth leg test

put on their back, leg in full extension, press on popliteal region and dorsiflex (put pressure on popliteal)

pain in affected leg——> lumbar N root compression

DORSIFLEXION + Popliteal pressure to further test= SCIATIC NERVE 

Crossed striagth leg test 

sam as STRAIGHT LEG e but unaffected leg—→ should have pain in affected leg and butt

Sitting root test

knee extention in sitting position

pain or radiuclar sx

femoral stretch test

prone position, have them relax, pull knee off table in flexion

pain in front of thigh when lifiting up—→ L2-L4 N rot compression

FABER/Patricks test 

flexion (knee and hip), abduction, external rotation (FABER) make the leg in 4 postion

pain in groin= HIP

pain in low back/butt/side= SPINE

Tredelenburg Sign

lift knees into flexion one at a time, look for hip drop

asymetry of hips—→ abductor muscle defciency / weakness ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF HIP DROP

Mccmuray test

flex knee, hand cupped around heel, fingers on JOINT LINE

medial mesincus= external rotate(ankle), varus stretch and extened

latearal menicus = internal rotation (ankle), valgus stretch and extend

goal is to compress compartments—→ pain, click, pop is torn meniscus

Valgus / varus stress test 

valgus (MCL) : inside hand grabs ankle, 20 degree flex and PUSH KEE INWARD, varus(LCL) PUSH KNEE OUTWARD——>collateral (MCLvalgus, LCLvarus) ligament intergrity—→ pain or BOOK OPENING OF JOINT (no resistance)

lachman test

patient lays down and you grab bith siddes of leg and push (anterior tibia)

pain and FIRM edgepint (degree of excersion)

anterior/posterior drawer test

flex knee to 90 and sit on FOOT, pull tibia forward while, push back for PCL

pain and FIRM ENDPOINT (ACL + PCL patho)

baloon sign 

squeeze suprapatellar pouch, palpate the milked down area for fluid

balooning above patella—→ effusion 

Talar tilt test

NOT ENOUGH TIME TO DO (testing all the anlle ligaments passviley ROM

stabilize tiba and pull forward, move ankle inverted/everted, and GRAB CALNEUS and inward turn and outward turn (WATCH VIDS HARD TO EXPLAIN

pain/laxity—→ ankle ligament patho integriry

thompson test

have patient flex @ knee while in prone and squeeze the calf

lack of movement (plantar flexion)—→ swelling and warth ——> achiles tendon tear

LLD mesaurment 

true is bone deromity

percieved=pelvic asym=spineFODDER CHALKKKKK ADIUADHOIPHDIPA;