Types of Communication – Lecture 1

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the lecture on communication types, contexts, purposes, and organizational dynamics.

Communication

The exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and views between or among two or more people.

Context (of communication)

The circumstance or environment—physical, social, cultural, or psychological—in which communication takes place.

Physical Context

The actual setting or place where communication occurs.

Social Context

The relationships and social roles of the people involved in communication.

Cultural Context

Shared beliefs, values, and customs that influence communication.

Psychological Context

The mental and emotional factors affecting how messages are sent and received.

Communication Mode

One of the three classifications of communication; focuses on the channel used—verbal, non-verbal, or visual.

Verbal Communication

Communication that uses spoken words.

Non-Verbal Communication

Communication through facial expressions, gestures, posture, and other wordless signals such as handshakes or smiles.

Visual Communication

Use of signs, symbols, images, charts, graphs, maps, diagrams, photos, or drawings to convey information.

Communication Context

One of the three classifications of communication; focuses on the situational setting—e.g., intra-personal or interpersonal.

Intra-personal Communication

Self-talk; inner dialogue, monologue, or self-verbalization.

Interpersonal Communication

Communication that seeks to establish or deepen relationships with others; becomes transactional when aimed at achieving a specific outcome.

Extended Communication

Communication that involves electronic media such as telephone, audio or video conferencing, and Skype calls.

Organizational Communication

Communication focused on interactions within an organization, guided by rules (protocols) and requiring oral and written skills.

Formal Organizational Structure

Designated channels of message flow that follow the official hierarchy within an organization.

Informal Organizational Structure

Unofficial channels of message flow, also known as the 'grapevine,' often arising from employee dissatisfaction or uncertainty.

Downward Communication

Formal message flow from higher to lower positions (e.g., president to manager to staff).

Upward Communication

Formal message flow from subordinates to superiors, providing feedback or views on policies and job issues.

Horizontal Communication

Lateral message flow among people at the same level but in different departments to coordinate tasks.

Crosswise Communication

Diagonal message flow among employees from different units and levels within an organization.

Organizational Culture

The core values, vision, mission, goals, and expected behaviors that shape an organization’s identity.

Intercultural Communication

Communication between people of differing linguistic, religious, ethnic, social, or professional backgrounds.

Formal Communication (purpose & style)

Uses formal language in oral or written form to inform, entertain, or persuade; examples include lectures, speeches, reports, and business letters.

Informal Communication (purpose & style)

Uses casual, everyday language in personal conversations or messages to socialize and enhance relationships.