med term ch 3 DNA/genetics

Epigenetics

Study of disorders produced by effects of chemical compounds or environmental influences on genes

Gene

The functional unit of heredity on a chromosome

Genome

Complete set of chromosomes

Helix

Spiral of nucleotides in the structure of DNA

Heredity

The transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

Hereditary

Transmissible from parent to offspring

Histone

A simple protein found in the cell nucleus

Karyotype

The chromosome characteristics of an individual cell

Mitosis

Cell division to create 2 identical cells each w 46 chromosomes

Mutation

A permanent alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome

Nucleotide

Combination of dna base, sugar molecule, and phosphate molecule

Phenotype

Manifestation of a genome

Replicate

To produce an exact copy

Cytogenetics

Study of chromosomal abnormalities in a cell

Dysmorphology

Study of developmental structural defects

Dysmorphic

Possessing a developmental structural defect

Embryo

Human organism from the end of the eighth week to birth

Personalized

Designed to meet someone’s needs

Predictive

The likelihood of a disease or disorder being present or occurring in the future

Prenatal

Before birth

Therapy

Systematic treatment of a disease, dysfunction, or disorder

Therapeutic

Curing or capable of curing a disorder or disease

Gene therapy

Experimental technique to replace a mutated gene that causes disease

predictive medicine

Looks at probability of a disease and allows preventative measures to be taken