Anatomy and Phys Lecture 3

Blood

Erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets within a plasma matrix, transports oxygen, CO2, nutrients and other dissolved molecules throughout the body located in: arteries, veins and capillaries.

Adipose

matrix crowded by tightly- packed adipocytes, serves to insulate and protect organs, provides energy storage depot located in: around major organs, within subcutaneous layer (under dermis)

Collagen

abundant, cross- linked fibrils, rope- like, resist tension.

elastin

has higher flexibility and stretch, allows for tissue to return to original shape located in: outer ear, epiglottis.

Reticulin

short /thin, mesh- like, provide greater degree of movement than collagen.

Glial Cells

provide structural support, protection and nourishment for neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

Fibrocartilage

Firm hyaline matrix, with more organized collagen fibers, resists compressive force located in: components of joints with limited flexibility, menisci, public symphysis.

Endocrine

Secrete hormones into local capillaries

4 types of tissues

Epithelial Connective Muscular Neural

2 main forms of epithelial tissue

Covering and lining epithelia (skin), Glandular epithelia (salivary glands)

Connective Tissue Proper

Loose (Fibers create loose, open framework) & Dense (Fibers densely packed)

Fluid Connective Tissues

Blood (Contained in cardiovascular system) Lymph (Contained in lymphatic system)

Supporting Connective Tissues

Cartilage (Solid, rubbery matrix) Bone (Solid, crystalline matrix) Cells and Fibers that make up connective tissues

Osteoblasts/cytes

bone fibers

Fibroblasts/cytes

connective tissue proper fibers

Chondroblasts/cytes

cartilage fibers

Adipocytes

fat tissue fibers

Blood Cells

immunity fibers

Collagen

abundant, cross-linked fibrils, rope-like, resist tension

Elastin

long/branched, can stretch/recoil, provides flexibility

Reticulin

short/thin, mesh-like, provide greater degree of movement than collagen

Characteristics of Connective Tissues

Protection, Structural Support Energy, Storage, Insulation Transporting Substances

3 types of Muscular Tissue

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Skeletal Muscle

controlled by voluntary nervous system, moves and stabilizes the skeleton, contains elongated cells (fibers held together by loose connective tissue, contains many nuclei, possesses microscopic striations)

Cardiac Muscle

only in heart, short/branched fibers, single nucleus, striated, involuntary contraction

Smooth Muscle

short/tapering cells, no striation, involuntary contraction changes diameter of vessels/chambers (blood vessels, urinary bladder, digestive organs, uterus)

Nervous Tissue

Conduct electrical impulses, transfer process and store information, comprised of neurons and glial cells

3 parts of Nervous Tissue

Neurons, Glial Cells Location

Neurons

receive sensory information and carry it to the brain, transmit motor impulses from brain to effector organs, form synapses with one another

Glial Cells

provide structural support, protection and nourishment for neurons in the brain and spinal cord

Location of Nervous Tissue

brain, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nerves

Exocrine

Secrete their product into a duct.