Secondary structure (Exam 1 - Chapter 6)

What is a secondary structure? Give ana example

local simple structure ex. helix

What is a tertiary structure? Give an example

one complete protein chain ex.beta-subunit fo hemoglobin

What is a quaternary structure? Give an example

different protein chains come together. (oligomeric=many polypeptides) four subunits of hemoglobin

What is the Ramachandran Diagram?

a Statistical representation of the combinations of backbone and their angles that can give insight to the structure of peptides. (referring to phi and psi)

What is a backbone?

repeating parts of a peptide

What is phi angle?

the rotation between the alpha carbon and nitrogen

What is psi angle?

the rotation between the alpha carbon and carbonyl group

What side does the hydrogen bonds form in a right-hand helix?

on the right side

How many residues (amino acids) are in a helix?

3.6 per turn

What is the defect of protein in Alzheimer's disease?

Amyloid-beta protein and tau protein

What is the defective protein for amyotropic lateral sclerosis? What does it do?

Superoxide dismutase. protects against oxidative damage

What is the defective protein for Parkinson's disease?

alpha-synuclein

What is the defective protein for Huntington's disease?

huntingtin with polyglulmate expansion

What is the defective protein for transmissible spongiform encaphalopathies?

prion protein (diet)

What is the defective protein form mad cow disease?

bovine

What is Creutzfeldt-Jakobsydrome?

a gene defect