AS Level Biology 9700 Key Concepts and Cell Structure Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell structure, types of cells, and fundamental biological processes discussed in the AS Level Biology 9700 syllabus.

What are the two fundamental types of cells?

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

What is the basic unit of life?

A cell.

What does KC2 refer to in the AS Level Biology key concepts?

Biochemical processes.

What is the role of DNA in living organisms?

DNA stores genetic information, allows for its accurate copying, and controls protein production.

What is natural selection?

A mechanism in evolution that acts on genetic variation.

What separates the inside of cells from their surroundings?

Cell surface membrane.

What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

To process proteins produced on the ribosomes.

What are mitochondria known for?

Being the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells.

What type of ribosomes are found in eukaryotic cells?

80S ribosomes.

What is the function of lysosomes?

To break down biological molecules using hydrolytic enzymes.

What are centrioles made of?

Hollow fibers made of microtubules.

What structural component provides support and movement within a cell?

Cytoskeleton.

What do microvilli do?

Increase the surface area for absorption.

What provides structural support in plant cell walls?

Polysaccharide cellulose.

What is the function of chloroplasts?

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

What is plasmodesmata?

Bridges of cytoplasm between neighbouring plant cells that allow substance transfer.

What surrounds large permanent vacuoles in plant cells?

Tonoplast.