NE300 FNEK (Custom Multiple Choice Answers)

Avogadro's number: Nₐ

6.02214199×10²³ mole⁻¹

Electron rest mass (mₑ)

0.511 MeV/c²

Speed of light in vacuum (c)

2.99792458×10⁸ m/s

1 Ci = ______

3.7×10¹⁰ Bq

1 Bq = ______

1 disintegration/s

1 b = _______

1.0×10⁻²⁴ cm²

1 Gy = ______

1 J/kg = 100 rad

1 Sv = _______

100 rem

1 amu = ______

931.494013 MeV/c²

SI Unit for Flux

#/cm²-s

SI Unit for Activity

Becquerel (Bq)

SI Unit for Cross-section

Barn (b)

SI Unit for Power

Watt (W)

SI Unit for Absorbed dose

Gray (Gy)

SI Unit for Dose-equivalent

Sievert (Sv)

SI Unit for Radiation Exposure

Coulomb per kilogram (C/kg)

Radioactive decay (A(t)):

A₀e^(-λt)

Decay constant (λ):

ln(2) / T₁/₂

Mass-energy equivalence:

E = mc²

Q-value of reaction (Q):

-Δmc²

Thermal neutron energy @ T = 20 °C (Eₜₕ):

0.0253 eV

Recoverable energy per fission (Eᵣ):

200 MeV

Average number of neutrons released per ²³⁵U fission:

2 <= ν <= 3

Common fissile isotopes:

²³³U, ²³⁵U, ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴¹Pu

Common fertile isotopes:

²³⁸U, ²³²Th

Weight percent of ²³⁵U in natural uranium:

0.711%

Multiplication factor (k):

neutrons in generation (n+1) / neutrons in generation (n)

Common moderators:

light water (H₂O), heavy water (D₂O), graphite (C)

Good moderator properties:

1.) low atomic mass number, 2.) low microscopic absorption cross-section, 3.) high microscopic scattering cross-section

U.S. electricity generated by nuclear power (2018)

approx. 19%

Three major radioactive decay processes:

1.) alpha, 2.) beta, 3.) gamma

Ways in which neutrons interact with matter:

inelastic scattering, elastic scattering, neutron capture, neutron-induced fission

Ways in which photons interact with matter:

Photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Pair production

Difference between fissile and fissionable nuclides:

fissile = fissions from absorbing thermal neutrons; fissionable = fissions from absorbing fast neutrons

Purpose of a moderator in a nuclear reactor:

slow down fast neutrons to create thermal neutrons