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Causes/Factors of Westward Expansion

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Topic 1/5 that leads to Western Expansion

39 Terms

1

Causes/Factors of Westward Expansion

  • Government funded exploration

  • Land purchase

  • Territorial expansion

  • Developing transport links/Communications

  • Acts to promote settlement (Congress)

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2

Which country gave the USA Florida?

Spain

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3

Louisiana Purchase

1803

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4

How much land did the Louisiana purchase provide the USA? (Square miles)

828,000

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5

Strengths of the Louisiana Purchase

  • Doubled the size of America

  • Rich in minerals

  • 3 cents per acre - very cheap

  • Encouraged exploration

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6

Limitations of the Louisiana Purchase

  • Land already inhabited

  • No financial aid

  • Dangerous to settle/travel there

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7

Strengths of Government funded exploration

  • Provided knowledge of the area which increased settler’s confidence

  • Provided the first detailed account of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains

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8

Limitations of Government funded exploration

  • Long called the Great Plains the ‘Great Desert’ and called it ‘inhabitable’

  • Didn’t initially lead to direct settlement

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9

The Lewis and Clark Expedition

1803

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10

The Lewis and Clark Expedition provided maps of ____ miles

4000

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11

Strengths of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848

  • Increased American pride and nationalism

  • Provided the USA 500,000 square miles (Land gain)

  • Ends war with Mexico

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12

Limitations of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848

  • Reduced land gain because the North was worried about Slavery expansion

  • More sectional tension

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13

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

1848

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14

How much land did the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo provide the USA? (Square miles)

500,000

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15

Strength of Roads

  • Made it safer for travel

  • Easier to travel to west and transport goods between the Potomac and Ohio Rivers

  • ^^ Direct route from East to West

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16

Limitations of Roads

  • Railways make it less important after 1869

  • No technological advancements e.g cars so still very long, difficult journeys

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17

How many miles was the Cumberland Road?

620

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18

Strengths of Funding Railroad construction

  • Allowed for people and goods to cross difficult terrain

  • Helped Manifest Destiny to be achieved

  • Large land grants on either side of the track

  • Lots of financial aid

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19

Limitations of Funding Railroad construction

  • Was not just the federal government that funded it

  • Only in 2nd half of the century

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20

Desert Land Act

1877

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21

What is the Desert Land Act?

Offered settlers chance to purchase another 640 acres if they irrigated it within 2 years

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22

How many acres of land did the Desert Land Act give the settler a chance to purchase? And after how many years?

640

2

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23

When did the government fund the Cumberland Road?

1811

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24

When was the Cumberland Road finished?

1837

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25

When did Texas join the Union (despite clash with Mexico)

1845

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26

The Gadsden Purchase

1853

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27

What is the Gadsden Purchase?

  • Led to land acquirement from Mexico

  • Senate refused to buy unless amount of land purchased was slashed due to North and South tension

  • Allowed for construction of the southern transcontinental rail link

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28

Homestead Act

1862

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29

What is the Homestead Act?

Settlers could claim 160 acres of land if they lived on it for 5+ years

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30

How many acres of land did the Homestead Act give the settler a chance to claim? And after how many years?

160

5

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31

Morrill Act

1862

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32

What is the Morrill Act?

Colleges to teach settlers how to farm effectively in the west

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33

When did the Government give railway companies land grants etc…?

1862

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34

Government aid to railway companies

  • Gave them land grants, considerable loans

  • Ensured the start of construction of the transcontinental railway

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35

The Timber Culture Act

1863

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36

What is the Timber Culture Act?

Offered settlers a further 160 acres if they planted 40 acres with trees within 10 years

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37

How many acres of land did the Timber Culture Act give the settler a chance to claim? After how much area of trees planted? And after how many years?

160

40

10

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38

Adams-Onis Treaty

1819

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39

What is the Adams-Onis treaty?

Spain ceded Florida to the USA

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