sterile products pt 1

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43 Terms

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usp 800

hazardous drugs

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usp 795

nonsterile

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usp 797

sterile preparations

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usp 788

particulate matter in injections

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Usp 71

sterility tests

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sterile

free of microorganisms

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bactericide

kills bacteria

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bacteriostatic

prevents growth

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antiseptic

prevents growth without destroying cells

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disinfection

destroys microbes not spores

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pyrogens

fever producing products

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IV disadvangate

most dangerous route, rapid side effects, risk of embolus and thrombus, need skilled application

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IV adv

immediate effect and large molecules can be used

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IV bolus

instantaneous absorption

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IV infusion

1L admin over time via pump = zero order

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Intrathecal IT

into subarachnoid space of spinal cord

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intraarticular def and ex

into joint space, inj glucocorticoids with joint inflammation

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IV F

1

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intermittent IV volume

multiple 50-100ml given in multiple doses

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Constant infusion IV

single dose given continuously

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IV push

small single dose given over short time

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IM F

[0, 1]

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IM advantages

admin easier than IV, larger volume faster absorption than SQ, larger surface area for inj, can be prolonged release (AP)

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IM disadvantages

painful, less rapid onset IV, rate of blood flow depends on location

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IM volume

2-5mL

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SQ F

[0,1]

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SQ advantages

easiest admin

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SQ disadvantage

limited volume, rate dependent on Q, tissue degregation from overuse,

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intra arterial ex

plasminogen for ischemic stroke

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physiological factors affecting diffusion

blood flow muscle exercise depth of inj

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adv for parenteral

avoid gi upset and suitable for long acting deliv (IM and SC)

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disadvantage for parenteral

inconvenient drug cannot be removed more costly

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t/f sterile products are pyrogen free

false

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what is the most potent pyrogen

endotoxin

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ex of bacterial endotoxin

lipopolysaccharide on gram negative

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when do multiple dose vials expire

28 days after opening

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SVP

<100ml can have preservatives, buffers, solubilizers, antioxidents or exipents

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LVP

>100mL admin by IV no additive agents

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LVP implication and use

fluid replacement electrolyte balance total nutrition

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particulate matter

nonviable contaminants

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microbial matter

viable contaminant: endotoxin, aluminum

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risk of particulates in parenteral

can cause embolization

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t/f particulates can be completely eliminated

f but must be controlled