Radioactivity

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Radio activity q and A

11 Terms

1

What defines radioactive material?

Material that emits alpha, beta, or gamma particles.

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2

What is radiation?

Alpha, beta, or gamma radiation emitted from an unstable nucleus.

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3

How does ionising radiation affect atoms?

It can turn atoms into ions by removing or adding electrons.

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4

What is radioactive decay?

A random and spontaneous process where unstable nuclei emit radiation.

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5

What is background radiation?

Low-level radiation always present in the environment from various sources.

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6

What are some sources of background radiation?

Cosmic rays, hospitals, radioactive waste, fallout, Carbon 14, rocks, soil, Radon gas, and food.

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7

What is half-life in the context of radioactivity?

The time it takes for radioactive nuclei to decay and become stable.

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8

What is one use of radioactivity in medicine?

Sterilizing food and medical equipment using gamma radiation.

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9

What safety measure is used to detect exposure to ionising radiation?

Film worn outside clothing that turns black when exposed to radiation.

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10

How can exposure to radiation be minimized?

Use lead-lined aprons, stand behind lead walls, increase distance, minimize exposure time, use robots, handle with tongs, and wear gloves/lab coats.

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11

What happens to the film when exposed to different types of radiation?

Alpha turns the top third black, beta the top two thirds, and gamma all three thirds.

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