Introduction to Psychology: Key Concepts and Occupations

A set of vocabulary flashcards derived from key concepts discussed in the introduction to psychology, including different branches and applications of psychology.

Predictive Power

The ability of a theory to accurately forecast future events or outcomes based on its principles.

Strong Theory

A theory that can predict outcomes and explains phenomena with evidence; contrasted with good literature, which lacks predictive power.

Applied Psychology

The area of psychology that utilizes psychological principles to solve real-world problems and help individuals.

Research Psychology

The area of psychology focused on the quest for knowledge, typically involving the development of theories and testing hypotheses.

Counselors

Professionals in applied psychology who help individuals address personal issues and provide guidance.

Psychologists

Experts in psychology who typically have a PhD, capable of diagnosing mental conditions and conducting psychological assessments.

Psychiatrists

Medical doctors specialized in mental health who can prescribe medication for psychological disorders.

School Psychologists

Professionals who assess students' psychological needs and support their academic and emotional development.

Educational Psychology

The field of psychology that focuses on understanding how people learn and the best practices for teaching.

Forensic Psychology

The intersection of psychological knowledge and the legal system, often involving the assessment of criminals and witnesses.

Community Psychology

A branch of psychology that emphasizes the role of environmental factors and community in influencing behavior and well-being.

Environmental Psychology

The study of the interplay between individuals and their surroundings, including built and natural environments.

Organizational Psychology

The application of psychological principles to improve workplace efficiency, productivity, and employee satisfaction.

Placebo Effect

A phenomenon where an individual experiences a perceived improvement in condition due to believing they are receiving treatment, even if it's inactive.

Double-Blind Procedure

An experimental design where neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the treatment or placebo, to avoid bias.

Correlation

A statistical measurement that describes the degree to which two variables change together, without implying causation.

Achievement Tests

Assessments designed to measure knowledge or skills in specific areas, such as standardized tests like the SAT.

Personality Tests

Psychometric assessments aimed at determining an individual's character traits, behaviors, and patterns.

Developmental Psychology

The study of how people grow and change from infancy through old age.

Abnormal Psychology

The branch of psychology that deals with the study of abnormal behavior and psychopathology.

Cultural Psychology

The examination of how cultural contexts shape psychological processes and behavior.