Flashbulb memory
A vivid and detailed recollection of significant events, often accompanied by strong emotional responses.
Declarative memory
A type of long-term memory that involves the conscious recollection of facts and events, including episodic and semantic memory.
Procedural memory
A type of long-term memory that enables individuals to perform tasks and skills without conscious awareness, such as riding a bike or playing an instrument.
State dependent memory
The phenomenon where memory retrieval is more effective when an individual is in the same emotional or physical state as when the memory was encoded.
Sensory memory
The initial stage of memory that holds sensory information for a very brief period, typically less than a second for visual stimuli and a few seconds for auditory stimuli.
Short term memory
A type of memory that temporarily holds a limited amount of information for a short duration, typically around 20 to 30 seconds, allowing for the manipulation and processing of that information.
Long term memory
The stage of memory that can store large amounts of information for extended periods, from hours to a lifetime, and is essential for learning and recall.
Perception
The process of organizing, interpreting, and consciously experiencing sensory information to understand the environment.
Monocular
cues are visual signals that require only one eye to perceive depth and distance, such as brightness, color, size, texture, and overlap.
Binocular
cues are visual signals that require both eyes to perceive depth and distance, such as retinal disparity and convergence.
limbic system
forms new memories and retrieves long-term memories, key for emotional memories
thalamus
facilitates the flow of info between parts of the brain, supporting encoding
cerebellum
plays a huge role in procedural memory, such as motor skills like riding a bike
acetylcholine
a neurotransmitter that is essential for encoding and consolidating new memories. (a lack of ACH is associated with memory loss diseases like alzheimer’s)
neural networks
encodes, stores, and retrieves both long and short term memories
axon
enables the transfer of info required for memory formation and learning
myelin sheath
enhances neural communication, crucial for processing and consolidating memories
amygdala
enhances emotional memories for better recall
hippocampus
essential for forming and encoding new memories
occipital lobe
processes and stores visual memories
frontal lobe
involved in working memory and planning
temporal lobe
stores verbal + auditory memories
olfactory bulb
responsible for smell-triggered memories