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Hydroxyl
OH Polar and bonds to other molecules in dehydration synthesis
Keto
C-O Polar,Carbs
Aldehyde
C—O-H Polar and very reactive
Amino
NH2 Polar - Charged and picks up H+ to make NH3+, Basic
Methyl
CH3 Non-polar
Carboxyl
C—OO-H Polar, Charged - ionizes COO - and H+, Important in condensation reactions by giving up OH, Acidic
Phospate
PO4(-) - Charged, Acidic and Polar
Sulfhydryl
SH - Gives up H and forms disulfide bridge between 2 sulfurs