AP World History 4.5 Flashcards

capital

Material wealth available for investment or production.

Commercial Revolution

Transition to a trade-based economy primarily using gold and silver.

Price Revolution

Significant increase in prices during the 16th and early 17th centuries due to inflation.

joint-stock companies

Business entities where investors share profits and risks through stock ownership.

limited liability

Investors' responsibility is limited to their investment amount, protecting personal assets.

East India Company

A British trading corporation focused on commerce in Asia.

Dutch East India Company

A successful 17th-century joint-stock company that dominated trade in spices and Southeast Asia.

triangular trade

Atlantic trading system involving three segments: Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

monopolies

Exclusive rights granted to certain merchants or companies by governments to control trade.

syncretism

Blending of different religious beliefs and practices into new belief systems.

polygyny

Marital practice where a man has multiple wives.

creoles

Individuals of Spanish descent born in the Americas with political and social influence.

Santería

An Afro-Caribbean religion merging African traditions and Catholicism.

Vodun

A syncretic belief system originating from African traditions in Haiti.

Candomblé

A Brazilian religion combining African beliefs centered on honoring deities.

Virgin of Guadalupe

A Catholic figure representing the blending of indigenous and Spanish cultures.

viceroys

Royal representatives appointed to govern colonies in the Americas.

audiencias

Royal courts established for settlers to appeal viceroy's decisions.

Dahomey

An African kingdom engaged in the slave trade, profiting from selling captives.

Oyo

A West African state involved in capturing and selling enslaved people