AP World History Unit 5.1 The Enlightenment

Thomas Hobbes

Social contract

John Locke

natural rights: life, liberty, property. He also said that you can overthrow the government if it abuses its power.

Baron Montesquieu

checks and balances AKA separation of powers

Voltaire

Religious freedom or tolerance

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

expanded social contract/ will of the people

Adam Smith

founder of capitalism, free market, laissez faire economics

Thomas Paine

advocated for US freedom from Britain

empricism

knowledge from observation and experiments rather than religious.

socialism

the workers/the public should own the means of production

classical liberalism

reflected enlightenment ideas pushing back on traditional politics, society, and economics.

classical conservatism

natural social order, belief in traditional monarchies and nobility, unapolegetically elitist

nationalism

intense loyalty to your nation

Utopian Socialism

ideal socialist society were everything works in harmony.

feminism

belief that womens rights are human rights

abolitionism

Movement to end slavery

zionism

desire for Jewish homeland in middle east

anti-semitism

Hostility towards Jews

EXTRA NOTES

-The Enlightenment emphasized individualism and to think rationally instead of spiritually.

- Revolutions started during this time period because of the blending of new ideas and old ideas.

- Philosophers questioned religion, Deism merged and it characterized divinity and reason.