exam

Confidentiality

Confidentiality

An ethical principle ensuring that participant information in research is kept private and not disclosed without consent.

Withdrawal Rights

Participants' right to leave a study at any time without negative consequences.

Informed Consent

Process of informing participants about the study's nature, including risks and benefits, before participation.

Debriefing

The process of explaining the purpose and findings of a study to participants after it concludes.

Neurogenesis

The creation of new neurons, predominantly occurring during prenatal development but can continue in certain areas throughout life.

Synaptogenesis

The process where neurons form synapses, allowing communication between different parts of the brain.

Synaptic Pruning

The brain's elimination of extra synapses to improve efficiency and specialization.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to reorganise itself by forming new neural connections.

Cognitive Development

The growth and changes in mental capabilities such as thinking, problem-solving, and understanding.

Mental Health

A state of well-being where individuals can cope with normal life stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community.

Mental Disorders

Severe, long-lasting conditions that impair an individual's ability to function, requiring professional treatment.

Ethical Guidelines in Psychology

Rules ensuring the well-being of research participants regarding confidentiality, informed consent, and protection from harm.

Emotional Development

Changes in how individuals experience, express, and manage emotions.

Social Development

The development of skills necessary for interacting and building relationships with others.

Independent Variable (IV)

The variable manipulated by the researcher in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Dependent Variable (DV)

The variable measured by the researcher to determine the effect of the independent variable.

Random Assignment

Assigning participants to experimental groups randomly to ensure each has an equal chance of being in either group.

Broca's Area

A region in the frontal lobe responsible for speech production, damage to which results in Broca's aphasia.

Corpus Callosum

A bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Hippocampus

A brain structure involved in forming, organizing, and storing memories.

Limbic System

A group of brain structures involved in emotions, memory, and motivation.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses from one neuron to another.

Selective Attention

The ability to focus on one particular stimulus while ignoring others.

Visual Perception

The brain's ability to interpret visual stimuli from the environment.

Withdrawal Rights

The ethical principle that participants can leave a study at any time without negative consequences.