Topic 6 : Scramble for Africa - History

What was the Scramble for Africa?

A period from the 1880s to 1914 when European countries rushed to take over and divide Africa.

Which continents were mainly involved in the Scramble for Africa?

Europe and Africa.

Why was it called a "scramble"?

Because European countries hurried to grab as much African land as possible.

When did the Scramble for Africa mostly take place?

Between 1880 and 1914.

What was the Berlin Conference?

A meeting in Berlin where European countries decided how to divide Africa.

Who organised the Berlin Conference?

German leader Otto von Bismarck.

Were any African leaders invited to the Berlin Conference?

No, Africans were not consulted or invited.

What was the main aim of the Berlin Conference?

To stop conflict between European powers by setting rules for taking African land.

What was the Berlin Act?

The agreement made at the Berlin Conference that set rules for colonising Africa.

What did the Berlin Act say about taking land in Africa?

European countries had to inform others before claiming land.

What did the Berlin Act say about trade?

All European countries could trade freely in certain areas like the Congo and Niger rivers.

Did Africans have a say in the Berlin Act?

No, Africans were completely left out.

Why did European countries want colonies in Africa?

For land, power, and wealth.

What raw materials did Europe want from Africa?

Gold, diamonds, rubber, cotton, and other natural resources.

How did industrialization affect colonization?

Factories needed raw materials and new markets for goods.

What was another reason besides money and resources?

To spread Christianity and European culture.

Which country controlled large parts of North Africa?

France.

Which country ruled South Africa after 1806?

Britain.

Which country ruled the Congo?

Belgium.

Which European countries had colonies in East Africa?

Germany and Britain.

Which European country took over Mozambique and Angola?

Portugal.