IB Physics SL formula booklet

If: y = ± a b then: ∆y = + ∆a ∆b

unc. for a+ - b is uncertainty of end result y

if y = ab/c

unc. for a / or x b, uncertainty is uncertainty over actual value

if y= a^n…

unc. for powers

suvat

disp, initial velo, final velo, acc, time

F = ma

force is equal to mass times acceleration

Ff ≤ µsR

max fric force on static object is coefficient of stat fric times normal reaction force

Ff = µdR

max fric force on static object is coefficient of dynam fric times normal reaction force

W = F s cosθ

Work done along force direc = force times disp. times cos(θ)

Ek = ½ mv²

kinetic E = half mass velocity squared

Ep = ½ k del x²

potential E (elastic, in spring) = half spring constant times change in extension squared

∆Ep = m g ∆h

chnage in grav pot E = mass times gravity times change in height

power = Fv

power = force times velocity

efficiency = useful / total

efficiency = useful out or in / total out or in

p = m v

power = mass times velocity

F = ∆p / ∆t

force = del momentum over del time

KE = p² / 2m

kinetic E = momentum squared / 2 times mass

impulse = F ∆t = ∆p

impulse = avg force times del t = del momentum

Q = m c ∆T

heat = mass times spec heat capacity times del temp

Q = mL

heat = mass times latent heat

p = F / A

pressure = force / area

n = N / Na

num. moles = particle number / avogadro

pV = nRT

pressure Volume = num. particles times gas constant times temp

Ek = 3/2 kb T = 3/2 R/Na T

avg kinetic E = 3/2 boltzman const times temp = 3/2 gas constant / avogadro , times temp

T = 1/f

period = 1/freq

c = fλ

wave speed = frequency times wavelength

I prop A²

intensity proportional to amp squared

I prop x^-2

intensity proportional to dist. from source to the -2

I = Io cos² θ

intensity = initial intensity times cos²(θ)

n1/n2 = sin thet / sin thet = v/v

snell’s law of refraction

s = λD/d

dist between spots on screen = wavelength times dist between splits on screen over distance between slits

Constructive interference: path difference = nλ

construc interf: path diff = num times wavelength

destructive interference: path difference = (n+ ½)λ

destruc interf: path diff = (num + 1/2) wavelength

I = del q / del t

current = del charge / del time

F = k (q1 q2 / r²)

elec force between points = coulomb const. (charge 1 times charge 2 over distance squared)

k = 1 / 4 pi ε₀

coulomb const. = 1 over 4 pi permit. of free space

ΣV = 0 (loop)

sum pot. diff. = 0

ΣI = 0 (junction)

sum current = 0

V = I R

pot. diff. = current times resistance

P = V I

power = pot diff times current

R total = R₁ +R₂

total resistance = all resistors in series added together

ρ = R A / L

elec resistivity = resistance times cross section area / length

ε = I(R+r)

emf = current(resistance times internal resistance which is of battery of cell)

F = q v B sinθ

F = B I L sinθ

v = w r

lin speed = ang. speed times radius

a = v²/r = 4 pi² r / T² = w² r

centrip acc = lin speed² / radius = 4 pi² rad. / period² = ang.² times rad.

F = mv² / r = mw²r

centrip. force = mass times lin.velo² / rad. = mass times ang.velo² times rad.

F = G (Mm/r²)

grav force = newton’s const. times (mass of grav source times mass of experience / radius or dist)

g = F / m

grav force per unit mass experienced = force / mass

g = G (M / r²)

grav strength = newton’s const. (source mass / radius²)

E = h f

energy = planck times freq

λ = hc / E

wavelength = planck times light.speed / energy

del E = del mc²

del energy = del mass times light.speed²

power = energy / time

power = energy / time

power = ½ A ρ v³

power = half area swept by wind turbine times air or fuel density times air velocity³

P = e σ AT⁴

power = black body emmissivity times stefan boltzman times surface area times temp⁴

λ_max (metres) = 2.9 × 10^-3 / T(kelvin)

max wavelength = number / temp in kelvin

I = power / A

intensity = power / surface area

E = kq/r² = F/q

Elec field = tmap