AROMATIC WATER

Aromatic Water

clear, saturated aqueous solution of volatile oil or other aromatic or volatile substances

empyreumatic (smoke like)

The odor and taste of Aromatic water are the same as those of the drug or volatile substance from which they are prepared and should be free from __________________________ and other foreign odor

flavored and perfume vehicle

uses of aromatic water

volatile substances

the _______________________ used in aromatic water should be of pharmacopeial quality or of the best quality if finest flavor is desired in case of unofficial preparation

volatile oil

Stability of Aromatic Water:

1. Preps are not permanently stable because of the ___________

2. Protection from excessive ____________

3. Deterioration may be due to ____________

4. Should not be used when there is _______________________________

1 = ?

light and heat

Stability of Aromatic Water:

1. Preps are not permanently stable because of the ___________

2. Protection from excessive ____________

3. Deterioration may be due to ____________

4. Should not be used when there is _______________________________

2 = ?

volatilization

Stability of Aromatic Water:

1. Preps are not permanently stable because of the ___________

2. Protection from excessive ____________

3. Deterioration may be due to ____________

4. Should not be used when there is _______________________________

3 = ?

decomposition, mold growth, producing cloudy prep, and disagreeable odor

Stability of Aromatic Water:

1. Preps are not permanently stable because of the ___________

2. Protection from excessive ____________

3. Deterioration may be due to ____________

4. Should not be used when there is _______________________________

4 = ?

Saturated

Contains an amount of solute necessary for a solvent to dissolve

Unsaturated

Contains a less amount of solute than the solvent

Supersaturated

Contains more amount of solute than the solvent

Distillation

• Slowest method and Most Expensive Method

• Most satisfactory method of preparation

because it uses two processes: evaporation and condensation

Why is distillation the slowest method?

uses equipment

Why is distillation the most expensive method?

strong rose water

example of an aromatic water prepared through distillation

Cohobation

• Extract the oil from flowers

• Process of repeated distillation of the same matter with the liquid drawn from it that liquid being poured again and again upon the matter at the bottom of the vessel

• Distillate is returned several times to distill with fresh portion of flower

• Double distillate, triple or quadruple (to minimize loss of water soluble components)

orange and rose flowers

examples of aromatic water prepared through cohobation

1000 mL purified water

Direct Solution Method Process:

1. Mix 2 g or 2 mL of liquid and ___________________

2. Agitate or shake several times for __________

3. Set aside for _________________

4. Filter with a __________________ until a clear solution appears

5. ___________________ for 1000 mL (NOT PREFERRED)

1 = ?

15 minutes

Direct Solution Method Process:

1. Mix 2 g or 2 mL of liquid and ___________________

2. Agitate or shake several times for __________

3. Set aside for _________________

4. Filter with a __________________ until a clear solution appears

5. ___________________ for 1000 mL (NOT PREFERRED)

2 = ?

12 hours or longer

Direct Solution Method Process:

1. Mix 2 g or 2 mL of liquid and ___________________

2. Agitate or shake several times for __________

3. Set aside for _________________

4. Filter with a __________________ until a clear solution appears

5. ___________________ for 1000 mL (NOT PREFERRED)

3 = ?

wetted filter paper

Direct Solution Method Process:

1. Mix 2 g or 2 mL of liquid and ___________________

2. Agitate or shake several times for __________

3. Set aside for _________________

4. Filter with a __________________ until a clear solution appears

5. ___________________ for 1000 mL (NOT PREFERRED)

4 = ?

qs ad water

Direct Solution Method Process:

1. Mix 2 g or 2 mL of liquid and ___________________

2. Agitate or shake several times for __________

3. Set aside for _________________

4. Filter with a __________________ until a clear solution appears

5. ___________________ for 1000 mL (NOT PREFERRED)

5 = ?

complete saturation

Setting aside the aromatic water for 12 hours ensures _____________________

Direct Solution Method

• ADVANTAGE: Saves time and equipment

• DISADVANTAGE: Do not agitate when drawing off aromatic water if excess volatile oil is allowed to remain

15 g talc (purifies siliceous earth/pulped filter paper)

Alternate Solution Method Process:

1. Volatile Oil is mixed with ______________________________ and 1000 mL purified water.

2. Agitate and shake for several times for _______________

3. Filter with a ________________ until clear

4. ____________ to 1000 mL

1 = ?

10 minutes

Alternate Solution Method Process:

1. Volatile Oil is mixed with ______________________________ and 1000 mL purified water.

2. Agitate and shake for several times for _______________

3. Filter with a ________________ until clear

4. ____________ to 1000 mL

2 = ?

wetted filter paper

Alternate Solution Method Process:

1. Volatile Oil is mixed with ______________________________ and 1000 mL purified water.

2. Agitate and shake for several times for _______________

3. Filter with a ________________ until clear

4. ____________ to 1000 mL

3 = ?

qs ad water

Alternate Solution Method Process:

1. Volatile Oil is mixed with ______________________________ and 1000 mL purified water.

2. Agitate and shake for several times for _______________

3. Filter with a ________________ until clear

4. ____________ to 1000 mL

4 = ?

filtering agent, surfactant, and dispersing agent

uses of talc

Dispersing Agent

increases the surface of volatile substance ensuring more rapid saturation of water forms an efficient filter bed thus producing a clear solution which ensures that the volatile oil is dispersed

Talc, Purified siliceous earth, pulped filter paper

examples of dispersing agent