Studied by 9 people
what is an SI unit?
fundamental units which are used alongside base quantities
what is the SI unit of mass?
kilogram (kg)
what is the SI unit of length?
metre (m)
what is the SI unit of time?
second (s)
what is the SI unit of current?
ampere (A)
what is the SI unit of temperature?
kelvin (K)
what is the SI unit of an amount of substance?
mole (mol)
what is the SI unit of luminous intensity?
Candela (cd)
what are derived quantities?
quantities which are made from base SI quantities
how can SI units be derived?
using their equation
what is an example of a unit being derived from an equation?
unit of force is derived by F=ma, F=kg x ms^-2, so F is kms^-2
what is the value of tera?
10^12
what is the value of giga?
10^9
what is the value of mega?
10^6
what is the value of kilo?
10³
what is the value of centi?
10^-2
what is the value of milli
10^-2
what is the value of micro?
10^-6
what is the value of nano?
10^-9
what is the value of pico?
10^-12
what is the value of femto?
10^-15
what is the name of 10^12?
tera
what is the name of 10^9?
giga
what is the name of 10^6?
mega
what is the name of 10³?
kilo
what is the name of 10^-2?
centi
what is the name of 10^-3?
milli
what is the name of 10^-6?
micro
what is the name of 10^-9?
nano
what is the name of 10^-12?
pico
what is the name of 10^-15?
femto
what is estimation?
skill used to approximate values of physical quantities
what is estimation used for?
to make comparisons or to check if a calculated value can be deemed reasonable
how can estimation be done?
rounding values up or down, as appropriate
what do random errors affect?
precision
what is meant by random errors affecting precision?
they cause differences in measurements which causes a spread about the mean
can you get rid of random errors?
no
how can random errors be reduced?
take at least 3 repeats of measurements and find a mean, use computer loggers to avoid human error and enable smaller intervals, use appropriate equipment
what do systematic errors affect?
accuracy
what can cause systematic errors?
apparatus or faults in experimental method
what is a consequence of systematic errors?
all results can be too high or too low by the same amount each time
how can a systematic errors be reduced?
calibrate apparatus by measuring a known value, correct for background radiation during radiation experiments
what is an uncertainty?
the bounds in which the accurate value can be expected to lie
what is the absolute uncertainty?
uncertainty given as a fixed quantity i.e 3±0.5V
what is the percentage uncertainty?
uncertainty as a percentage of a measurement i.e 3±17%
how can uncertainty be reduced?
measure larger quantities
what is a reading?
where one value is found
what is the uncertainty of a reading?
± half the smallest division
what is a measurement?
where the difference between two readings is found
what is the uncertainty of a measurement?
at least ±1 smallest division
to what significant figure should an uncertainty be given to?
the same number of significant figures as the data
what is the uncertainty for repeated data?
half the range
what is the uncertainty of a digital or given reading?
± the last significant digit
how do you combine uncertainties for added or subtracted data?
add the absolute uncertainties
how do you combine uncertainties for multiplied or divided data?
add the percentage uncertainties
how do you combine uncertainties for data raised to a power?
multiply percentage uncertainty by power
what is meant by an application of science?
use of scientific knowledge in order to carry out a specific action
what is meant by an implication of science?
a direct or implied consequence of the knowledge of a particular concept
what are the different kinds of implications of science?
commercial, legal, ethical, social
what is commercial implication?
implication concerning money
what is legal implication?
implication concerning the law
what is ethical implication?
implication concerning moral principles
what is social implication?
implication concerning society
In accordance to what is knowledge and understanding of a scientific concept changed?
experimental evidence gathered by scientific community
what must happen to experimental evidence before it is accepted?
must be published, peer reviewed and validated
Note 
Flashcard (39)