16.1-16.3 (WWI) vocab

test 12/19

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente

Britain, France, Russia

Imperialism

domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

Militarism

glorification of the military

Alsace & Lorraine

region of northern Europe on the border between France and Germany, which was ceded to Germany after the Franco-Prussian War

Sarajevo

Capital of Bosnia where Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated

Francis Ferdinand

Heir apparent to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination set in motion the events that started WWI

Black Hand

Serbian nationalist/terrorist group responsible for the assassination of the archduke

Gavrilo Princip

Member of the "Black Hand" who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Francis Joseph

became emperor of Austria in 1848 after the abdication of Ferdinand I. After the creation of the Dual Monarchy, he also became king of Hungary. In 1879, he formed an alliance with Germany, which was led by the Prussians. His handling of relations with Serbia after the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, in 1914 was one of the catalysts for World War I.

Kaiser William II

last German Emperor and King of Prussia who sent a "blank check" to say he would support Austria-Hungary if war broke out

Blank Check

Germany gave Austria permission to undertake any action it chooses/any action necessary

ultimatum

final set of demands

July 28, 1914

Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

mobilize

Prepare military forces for war

Neutrality

policy of supporting neither side in a war

Two Front War

when opposing forces encounter/attack from two geographically separate fronts

\-situation Germany found itself in under which it had to fight enemies on both its eastern and western borders.

Alfred Schlieffen

German general who drew up the Schlieffen plan in 1905

\-thought the Germans could defeat the French in 6 weeks and then move on to fight the Russian foces on the Eastern Front

Schlieffen Plan

The plan that Germany would attack France quickly and then move towards Russia, requiring German armies to march through neutral Belgium into France

Great War

Another name for WWI

Stalemate

deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other

No Man's Land

empty territory between rival Trenches

trench

a long, narrow ditch in which opposing forces would fight from

Central Powers

Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire, & Bulgaria

Allied Powers

Great Britain, France, Serbia, Russia, Italy, and later the US

Poison Gas

Introduced by the Germans and was used by both sides during the war; used as a weapon to cause blindness, suffocation, & burns/blisters

Zeppelins

Large gas filled balloons used to drop bombs

U-boats

German submarines

convoys

Groups of merchant ships protected by warships

total war

the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort

Conscription

"the draft," which required all young men to be ready for military or other service

contraband

during wartime, military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies that may legally be confiscated by any belligerent

Lusitania

A British passenger ship that was torpedoed by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership

Propaganda

spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause

atrocities

Horrible acts committed against innocent people

Arthur Zimmerman

Germany's Foreign Secretary who proposed an alliance with Mexico against the United States

Zimmerman Telegram

Message proposing an alliance between Germany and Mexico that was intercepted by British intelligence and decoded

Reparations

payment for war damages or damages caused by imprisonment

Big Three

George Clemehceau (France), David Lloyd George (Great Britain), Woodrow Wilson (US)

Fourteen Points

A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I

\-called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations.

League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

collective security

A system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all

Treaty of Versailles

treaty between Germany & the Allied forces that ended WWI, which blamed Germany demanded harsh reparations from the Germans

Self-determination

the right of people to choose their own form of government

Armistice

an agreement to stop fighting