Health 3rd Q

First Aid

Immediate and temporary care given to an injured or ill person to alleviate suffering, prolong life, and prevent further harm.

3Ps

The core objectives of first aid: Preserve Life, Prevent further harm, and Promote Recovery.

CAB

An acronym for Circulation/Compression, Airway, and Breathing, representing the order of basic life support steps.

Emergency

A situation that seriously compromises a person’s health.

Life support

Emergency measures to sustain a victim's life, including Basic Life Support and Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support.

Basic Life Support

Foreign airway management, rescue breathing, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Using special equipment to maintain breathing and circulation.

Scene Survey

Assessing the safety of the environment for both the first aider and the victim.

Primary Survey

Checking for consciousness, pulse (carotid for adults/children, brachial for infants), and initiating CAB.

Secondary Survey

Includes PASAC (Patient's Name, Age, Sex, Address, Contact No.), vital signs, SAMPLE history, and a head-to-toe exam.

Dressings

Special materials to cover wounds.

Bandages

Strips of fabric to dress and bind wounds, types include Fully Open and Cravat.

One-person carry (Ankle Drag)

A method to move an injured person a short distance over a smooth surface.

Two Person Carry (Human Crutch)

Two rescuers carry the victim, allowing them to swing their legs.

Three-Person Carry (Hammock Carry)

Requires three rescuers, with the strongest member on the side with the fewest rescuers.

Fracture

A break or crack in a bone, classified as either closed or open.

RICE

An acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, used in treating musculoskeletal injuries.

Splints

Devices used to immobilize fractures.

Sprains

Injuries to ligaments; Strains are injuries to muscles.

Hemorrhage

Extensive bleeding over a continuous period, resulting from external or internal causes.

Burns

Tissue damage caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, or radiation, classified by degree.

First-degree burn

Superficial, affecting the outer skin layer.

Second-degree burn

Partial thickness, affecting the entire outer layer and into the inner skin layer.

Third-degree burn

Full thickness, penetrating all skin layers.

Heatstroke

A critical stage of heat exhaustion where body temperature reaches 40°C.

Shock

A condition where vital organs don't receive enough blood and oxygen due to injury.